ANNUAL REPORT · FORM 10-K 

General Electric Co,
Fiscal Year 2025.

GE Aerospace achieved a significant 18.5% year-over-year revenue increase to $45.9 billion in 2025, with robust growth fundamentally driven by services now accounting for 70% of total revenue and achieving high profit margins. While the company maintains exceptional multi-year revenue visibility backed by $190.6 billion in remaining performance obligations, it continues to navigate sustained supply constraints and tariff impacts on key long-term service agreements.

Accession 0000040545-26-000008 7 sections analysed
  SYMBOLOGY.ONLINE l2 SYNTHESIS 

GE · Form 10-K Synthesis

Strong Aftermarket Dominance Drives Robust Growth Amid Supply Constraints

GE Aerospace continues to demonstrate strong execution, achieving an 18.5% year-over-year revenue increase to $45.9 billion in 2025. This growth is fundamentally underpinned by the company's installed base flywheel: Services now constitute 70% of total revenue and grew significantly to $25.0 billion, driving CES segment profit margins up to 26.6%. While operational challenges persist—chiefly supply constraints and tariff impacts on long-term service agreements (LTSAs)—the company's multi-year revenue visibility is exceptionally strong, supported by a Total Remaining Performance Obligations (RPO) of $190.6 billion.

Financial and Strategic Posture

Execution Strength

The filing confirms consistent margin expansion across both core segments: Commercial Engines & Services (CES) reached 26.6% profit margin, and Defense & Propulsion Technologies (DPT) improved to 12.3%. This performance is validated by third-party credit rating upgrades in early 2025. Furthermore, the company successfully executed a complex corporate transformation through the separation of GE Vernova, while generating $7.7 billion in free cash flow.

Strategic Outlook

Management has articulated a disciplined, multi-horizon strategy focused on capturing lifecycle value and future innovation:

  • Near-Term Focus: Increasing production ramp for high-growth platforms like LEAP (1,802 units delivered in 2025) and expanding MRO capacity.
  • Mid-Term Focus: Investing $2 billion across U.S. manufacturing and MRO network expansion to support the growing installed base.
  • Long-Term Vision: Accelerating R&D (up 56% over two years) into next-generation technologies like the CFM RISE program, adaptive cycle combat engines, and hypersonics to maintain technology leadership.

Notable Risks and Management Framing

Management maintains a candid yet ultimately optimistic tone regarding risks, positioning them as complex external headwinds that are being actively managed through operational optimization and strategic investments.

Operational and Market Headwinds

The most immediate challenge is the sustained supply-constrained environment, which limits production ramp speed despite improved material supply performance in 2025. Additionally, profitability within CES was partially offset by an unfavorable change in estimated LTSA profitability due to tariffs—a risk that management actively mitigated through securing zero-for-zero tariff agreements with key international partners.

Financial and Geopolitical Exposure

The company faces significant exposure to global volatility:

  • Geopolitics: Global economic, political, and geopolitical instability (including sanctions and intensified decoupling) is cited as a primary threat capable of disrupting the supply chain and competitive position.
  • Legacy Liabilities: The retention of run-off insurance operations presents unpredictable capital risks, with management providing detailed sensitivity analyses on adverse events such as changes in mortality or long-term care incidence rates.
  • DPT Margin Gap: DPT margins (12.3%) remain significantly lower than CES margins (26.6%), reflecting the cost-plus nature of government contracts and ongoing investment in advanced programs, which is a structural weakness management accepts.
Quantitative Risk Gaps

While GE Aerospace maintains a comprehensive risk taxonomy covering cyber threats, interest rate sensitivity, and foreign currency exposure—which is managed through multi-layered hedging strategies—the filing exhibits notable gaps in quantitative disclosure:

  • Commodity Risk: There is no specific or quantitative disclosure regarding commodity price exposures (e.g., titanium, nickel alloys), despite the nature of aerospace manufacturing.
  • Valuation Uncertainty: The growing run-off insurance investment portfolio relies on Level 3 securities valued using non-binding broker quotes with unobservable inputs, introducing valuation uncertainty that lacks explicit Value-at-Risk analysis.
Generated · depth 2
  SYMBOLOGY.ONLINE · text diffs 

What's changed since the last filing.

In the Management Discussion:

de-emphasised

The cybersecurity disclosure was expanded to specifically name new global compliance obligations, such as the Department of War's NIST and Cybersecurity Maturity Model Certification requirements; additionally, a new section detailing financial risks was introduced, covering credit risk, liquidity risk, and volatility in foreign currency exchange rates.
§7.92 Open

In the Risk Factors:

de-emphasised

The cybersecurity risk disclosure was updated to specifically name expanding global requirements, such as the Department of War's NIST and Cybersecurity Maturity Model Certification (CMMC) requirements, which impose additional obligations on the company and its suppliers. Additionally, the filing introduced a new section detailing financial risks, including credit, liquidity, foreign currency exchange rates, interest rates, and commodity prices.
§1A.5 Open

In the Management Discussion:

escalated

The filing introduced a new disclosure regarding the impairment of goodwill and other identified intangible assets, while quantitative data for long-term services agreements updated to show the net liability increased from $6.6 billion to $7.2 billion and contract completion rose from 18.4% to 19.2%.
§7.36 Open

In the Management Discussion:

de-emphasised

The disclosure on GE spin-offs was updated to reflect that the separations are complete, introducing a new material risk that either transaction could be determined to be taxable and incur significant tax liabilities. Additionally, the intellectual property section removed specific mention of aggressive enforcement claims by non-practicing entities.
§7.89 Open

In the Risk Factors:

de-emphasised

The disclosure regarding the spin-offs was updated to specifically address the risk that the completed GE HealthCare and GE Vernova separation transactions could be determined to be taxable, which would result in a significant tax liability for the Company and independent companies. The intellectual property section contained only minor wording changes without altering the substance of the risks described.
§1A.2 Open

In the Management Discussion:

de-emphasised

The current filing substantively expands the scope of governmental, legislative, or regulatory actions to specifically include international trade controls or other restrictions on the use of particular materials or suppliers. Furthermore, the risk associated with sole-source suppliers was updated to explicitly mention their viability alongside performance and stability.
§7.90 Open
  FILING HISTORY 

View specific filings

FY2021
FY2022
FY2023
FY2024
FY2025
FY2026
FY2021
FY2022
FY2023
FY2024
FY2025
FY2026
  DOCUMENTS 

7 filing documents, in order.

§1
Directors & Officers
§2
Market Risk
§3
Legal Proceedings
§4
Controls & Procedures
§5
Management Discussion
§6
Risk Factors
§7
Business Description
  symbology.online · text diffs 

Side-by-side against the prior Management Discussion.

Management Discussion

39 changes
escalated •We evaluated the appropriateness and consistency of management's methods and key assumptions applied in recognizing revenue and developing cost estimates.

FY 2024 10-K
Removed
Filed Feb 3, 2025

2024 FORM 10-K 35 •We tested management's utilization assumptions for the assets covered over the contract term, which impact the estimated timing and extent of future maintenance and overhaul services by comparing current estimates to historical information and forward-looking market conditions. •We tested management's process for estimating the timing and amount of costs associated with overhaul and other maintenance events throughout the contract term, including comparing estimates to historical cost experience, performing a retrospective review, performing analytical procedures, and utilized specialists to evaluate statistical models used by the Company to estimate the useful life of certain components of the applicable engine platform.

FY 2025 10-K
Added
Filed Jan 29, 2026

2025 FORM 10-K 33 •We evaluated the appropriateness and consistency of management's methods and key assumptions applied in recognizing revenue and developing cost estimates. •We tested management's utilization assumptions for the assets covered over the contract term, which impact the estimated timing and extent of future maintenance and overhaul services by comparing current estimates to historical information and forward-looking market conditions. •We tested management's process for estimating the timing and amount of costs associated with overhaul and other maintenance events throughout the contract term, including comparing estimates to historical cost experience, performing a retrospective review, performing analytical procedures, and utilized specialists to evaluate statistical models used by the Company to estimate the useful life of certain components of the applicable engine platform.

escalated U.S. tax equity profit (loss)(189)(160)(132)

FY 2024 10-K
Removed
Filed Feb 3, 2025

Restructuring and other charges (Note 20)(a)(525)(246)(514) Separation costs (Note 20)(492)(692)(625) Insurance profit (loss) (Note 12)1,022 332 205

FY 2025 10-K
Added
Filed Jan 29, 2026

Restructuring and other charges (Note 20)(a)87 (525)(246) Separation costs (Note 20)(202)(492)(692) Insurance profit (loss) (Note 12)992 1,022 332 U.S. tax equity profit (loss)(189)(160)(132)

escalated 14 2025 FORM 10-K The filing introduced a new disclosure regarding the impairment of goodwill and other identified intangible assets, while quantitative data for long-term services agreements updated to show the net liability increased from $6.6 billion to $7.2 billion and contract completion rose from 18.4% to 19.2%.

FY 2024 10-K
Removed
Filed Feb 3, 2025

*Non-GAAP Financial Measure 16 2024 FORM 10-K REVENUE RECOGNITION ON LONG-TERM SERVICES AGREEMENTS. We enter into long-term services agreements with our customers, predominantly within the CES segment, that require us to maintain the customers' assets over the contract terms, which generally range from 5 to 25 years. Contract modifications that extend or revise contracts are not uncommon. We recognize revenue as we perform under the arrangements using the percentage of completion method which is based on our costs incurred to date relative to our estimate of total expected costs. This requires us to make estimates of customer payments expected to be received over the current contract term as well as the costs to perform required maintenance services. Our rights to consideration for these arrangements are generally based on the utilization of the asset (e.g., per hour of usage) and contractual payment terms are based on either periodic billing schedules or upon the occurrence of a maintenance event, such as an overhaul. As a result, a significant estimate in determining expected revenue of a contract is estimating how customers will utilize their assets over the term of the agreement. The estimate of utilization, which can change over the contract life, impacts both the amount of customer payments we expect to receive and our estimate of future contract costs. Customers' asset utilization will influence the timing and extent of overhauls and other service events over the life of the contract. We generally use a combination of both historical utilization trends as well as forward-looking information such as market conditions and potential asset retirements in developing our revenue estimates. To develop our cost estimates, we consider the timing and extent of future maintenance and overhaul events, including the frequency of maintenance events and cost of labor, spare parts and other resources required to perform the maintenance. In developing our cost estimates, we utilize a combination of our historical cost experience and expected cost improvements. Cost improvements are only included in future cost estimates after savings have been observed in actual results or proven effective through an extensive regulatory or engineering approval process. We routinely review estimates and revise them to adjust for changes in outlook. Changes in estimates are recognized on a cumulative catch-up basis with an adjustment to revenue in the current period. These revisions are based on objectively verifiable information that is available at the time of the review. Contract modifications that change the rights and obligations, as well as the nature, timing and extent of future cash flows, are evaluated for potential price concessions, contract asset impairments and significant financing to determine if adjustments of earnings are required before effectively accounting for a modified contract as a new contract. We regularly assess expected billings adjustments and customer credit risk inherent in the carrying amounts of receivables and contract assets, including the risk that contractual penalties may not be sufficient to offset our accumulated investment in the event of customer termination. We gain insight into future utilization and cost trends, as well as credit risk, through our knowledge of the installed base of equipment and fleet management strategies through close interaction with our customers that comes with supplying critical services and parts over extended periods. Revisions may affect a long-term services agreement's total estimated profitability resulting in an adjustment of earnings. On December 31, 2024, our long-term service agreements net liability balance of $6.6 billion represents approximately 4.1% of our total estimated life of contract billings of $162 billion. Our contracts (on average) are approximately 18.4% complete based on costs incurred to date and our estimate of future costs. Revisions to our estimates of future billings or costs that increase or decrease total estimated contract profitability by one percentage point would increase or decrease the long-term service agreements balance by $0.4 billion. Billings collected on these contracts were $8.6 billion and $8.1 billion during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. See Notes 1 and 8 for further information. NONRECURRING ENGINEERING COSTS. We incur contract fulfillment costs for engineering and development of products directly related to existing or anticipated contracts with customers, primarily in our Defense & Propulsion Technologies segment. Contract fulfillment costs are capitalized to the extent recoverable from the customer contract, and subsequently amortized as the products are delivered to the customer. We periodically assess the recoverability of capitalized contract fulfillment costs, which requires significant judgement. Specifically, we estimate program volumes, contract revenue based on negotiated prices, and product costs based on input costs, inflation and productivity. See Note 8 for further information.

FY 2025 10-K
Added
Filed Jan 29, 2026

14 2025 FORM 10-K Our rights to consideration for these arrangements are generally based on the utilization of the asset (e.g., per hour of usage) and contractual payment terms are based on either periodic billing schedules or upon the occurrence of a maintenance event, such as an overhaul. As a result, a significant estimate in determining expected revenue of a contract is estimating how customers will utilize their assets over the term of the agreement. The estimate of utilization, which can change over the contract life, impacts both the amount of customer payments we expect to receive and our estimate of future contract costs. Customers' asset utilization will influence the timing and extent of overhauls and other service events over the life of the contract. We generally use a combination of both historical utilization trends as well as forward-looking information such as market conditions and potential asset retirements in developing our revenue estimates. To develop our cost estimates, we consider the timing and extent of future maintenance and overhaul events, including the frequency of maintenance events and cost of labor, spare parts and other resources required to perform the maintenance. In developing our cost estimates, we utilize a combination of our historical cost experience and expected cost improvements. Cost improvements are only included in future cost estimates after savings have been observed in actual results or proven effective through an extensive regulatory or engineering approval process. We routinely review estimates and revise them to adjust for changes in outlook. Changes in estimates are recognized on a cumulative catch-up basis with an adjustment to revenue in the current period. These revisions are based on objectively verifiable information that is available at the time of the review. Contract modifications that change the rights and obligations, as well as the nature, timing and extent of future cash flows, are evaluated for potential price concessions, contract asset impairments and significant financing to determine if adjustments of net income are required before effectively accounting for a modified contract as a new contract. We regularly assess expected billings adjustments and customer credit risk inherent in the carrying amounts of receivables and contract assets, including the risk that contractual penalties may not be sufficient to offset our accumulated investment in the event of customer termination. We gain insight into future utilization and cost trends, as well as credit risk, through our knowledge of the installed base of equipment and fleet management strategies through close interaction with our customers that comes with supplying critical services and parts over extended periods. Revisions may affect a long-term services agreement's total estimated profitability resulting in an adjustment of net income. On December 31, 2025, our long-term service agreements net liability balance of $7.2 billion represents approximately 4.1% of our total estimated life of contract billings of $174 billion. Our contracts (on average) are approximately 19.2% complete based on costs incurred to date and our estimate of future costs. Revisions to our estimates of future billings or costs that increase or decrease total estimated contract profitability by one percentage point would increase or decrease the long-term service agreements balance by $0.4 billion. Billings collected on these contracts were $9.9 billion and $8.6 billion during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. See Notes 1 and 8 for further information. NONRECURRING ENGINEERING COSTS. We incur contract fulfillment costs for engineering and development of products directly related to existing or anticipated contracts with customers, primarily in our Defense & Propulsion Technologies segment. Contract fulfillment costs are capitalized to the extent recoverable from the customer contract, and subsequently amortized as the products are delivered to the customer. We periodically assess the recoverability of capitalized contract fulfillment costs, which requires significant judgment. Specifically, we estimate program volumes, contract revenue based on negotiated prices, and product costs based on input costs, inflation and productivity. See Note 8 for further information. IMPAIRMENT OF GOODWILL AND OTHER IDENTIFIED INTANGIBLE ASSETS. Goodwill is subject to annual, or more frequent, if necessary, impairment testing. In the impairment test, the fair value is estimated utilizing a discounted cash flow approach utilizing cash flow forecasts, including strategic and annual operating plans, adjusted for terminal value assumptions, or a market approach, when available and appropriate, utilizing market observable pricing multiples of similar businesses and comparable transactions, or both. These impairment tests involve the use of accounting estimates and assumptions, and changes to those assumptions could materially impact our financial condition or operating performance if actual results differ from such estimates and assumptions. To address this uncertainty, we perform sensitivity analyses on key estimates and assumptions. Once the fair value is determined, if the carrying amount exceeds the fair value, it is impaired. In the fourth quarter of each year, we perform our annual impairment test. See Note 7 for further information. We review identified intangible assets with defined useful lives and subject to amortization for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the related carrying amounts may not be recoverable. Determining whether an impairment loss has occurred requires the use of our internal forecast to estimate future cash flows and the useful life over which these cash flows will occur. To determine fair value, we use our internal cash flow estimates discounted at an appropriate discount rate. See Notes 1 and 7 for further information.

escalated SEGMENT OPERATIONS The company secured landmark engine commitments in 2025 from major global carriers like Qatar Airways and Emirates, reinforcing its leadership and providing multi-year visibility; operationally, total engine deliveries and LEAP engine deliveries increased due to improved material supply, reversing prior decreases caused by constraints.

FY 2024 10-K
Removed
Filed Feb 3, 2025

SEGMENT OPERATIONS COMMERCIAL ENGINES & SERVICES. Our results in 2024 reflect robust demand for commercial air travel with departures up high-single digits during the year. We are in frequent communication with our airline, airframe and maintenance, repair and overhaul (MRO) customers about the outlook for commercial air travel, new aircraft production, fleet retirements and after-market services, including shop visit and spare parts demand. Total engineering investments, both company and partner-funded, increased compared to prior year. Internal shop visit output increased in 2024 compared to 2023, while total engine deliveries and LEAP engine deliveries decreased primarily due to supply chain constraints. We are investing in our manufacturing and overhaul facilities and are deploying engineering and supply chain resources to increase production, expand capacity and strengthen yield.

FY 2025 10-K
Added
Filed Jan 29, 2026

SEGMENT OPERATIONS COMMERCIAL ENGINES & SERVICES. In 2025, demand for commercial air travel grew with departures up 3%. We are in frequent communication with our airline, airframe and MRO customers about the outlook for commercial air travel, new aircraft production, fleet retirements and after-market services, including shop visit and spare parts demand. We secured a series of landmark engine commitments in 2025 from leading global carriers. These wins span GE9X, GEnx and LEAP programs and include major selections by Qatar Airways, Emirates International Airlines Group, ANA Holdings, Malaysia Aviation Group, Korean Air, Cathay Pacific and Pegasus. Collectively, these agreements reinforce our leadership on next-generation widebody and narrowbody platforms and provide strong multi-year visibility across equipment and services. We believe these awards underscore the competitiveness of our technology and the durability of airline demand. Total engineering investments, both company and partner-funded, increased compared to prior year. Internal shop visit revenue grew in 2025 compared to 2024 and total engine deliveries and LEAP engine deliveries increased primarily due to improved material supply. We are investing in our manufacturing and overhaul facilities and are deploying engineering and supply chain resources to increase production, expand capacity and strengthen yield.

escalated As of January 15, 2026, there were approximately 215,000 shareholder accounts of record.

FY 2024 10-K
Removed
Filed Feb 3, 2025

As of January 15, 2025, there were approximately 246,000 shareholder accounts of record. PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS. On March 7, 2024, the Company announced that the Board of Directors had provided a new authorization for up to $15 billion of common share repurchases. We repurchased 9,172 thousand shares for $1,669 million during the three months ended December 31, 2024 under this authorization. PeriodTotal number of shares purchasedAverage price paid per shareTotal number of shares purchased as part of our share repurchase authorizationApproximate dollar value of shares that may yet be purchased under our share repurchase authorization

FY 2025 10-K
Added
Filed Jan 29, 2026

As of January 15, 2026, there were approximately 215,000 shareholder accounts of record. PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS. In March 2024, the Company announced that the Board of Directors had authorized the repurchase of up to $15 billion of common share repurchases. We repurchased 6,404 thousand shares for $2,006 million during the three months ended December 31, 2025 under this authorization. Repurchases under the program after the first quarter of 2026 will be pursuant to a new authorization for up to $20 billion approved by the Board of Directors in December 2025. PeriodTotal number of shares purchasedAverage price paid per shareTotal number of shares purchased as part of our share repurchase authorizationApproximate dollar value of shares that may yet be purchased under our share repurchase authorization

escalated 2025 FORM 10-K 23 The disclosure significantly expanded the risk factor by adding explicit dependencies on suppliers and partners for engine programs and reliance on major airframers to successfully develop and commercialize aircraft. Furthermore, the list of influencing factors was updated to include regulatory certification timing, inflationary pressures, and new or increased tariffs within general economic conditions.

FY 2024 10-K
Removed
Filed Feb 3, 2025

Commercial aviation sector - Our financial performance is dependent on the condition of the commercial aviation sector and our partners, suppliers and customers in that sector. A substantial portion of our business is directly tied to economic conditions in the commercial aviation sector, which has historically been cyclical in nature. Capital spending and demand for aircraft engines, aviation products and aftermarket parts and services by commercial airlines, lessors, other aircraft owners or operators and airframers are influenced by a wide variety of factors, including current and predicted traffic levels, passenger and cargo load factors, aircraft fuel prices, labor costs and other issues, airline consolidation, bankruptcies and restructuring activities, competition, the retirement of older aircraft, changes in production schedules, production capabilities and capacities of airframers, regulatory oversight and changes, environmental regulations, terrorism and related security concerns, aircraft safety incidents, general economic conditions, tightening of credit in financial markets, corporate profitability, cost reduction efforts and remaining performance obligations levels. Any of these factors could have a negative impact on new orders or on our agreements for the sale of our products and services given the long-term nature of those arrangements and could reduce our sales and profit margins. Other factors, including future terrorist actions, aviation safety concerns, public health crises or major natural disasters, could also dramatically reduce the demand for commercial air travel, which could negatively impact our sales and profit margins. Supply chain capacity shortfalls and disruptions, including for new parts and services, continue to pose challenges and risks for our business as well as other industry participants. Developments that reduce the flying public's demand for travel could adversely affect future growth in commercial air traffic capacity and the demand for or profitability of our products and services. Additionally, because a substantial portion of product deliveries to commercial aviation customers are scheduled for delivery in the future, changes in economic conditions can cause customers to request that orders be rescheduled or canceled. Spare parts sales and aftermarket service trends are affected by similar factors, including usage, pricing, technological improvements, regulatory changes and the retirement of older aircraft. Furthermore, because of the lengthy research and development cycle involved in bringing new engine platforms and other products to market, we cannot predict the economic conditions that will exist

FY 2025 10-K
Added
Filed Jan 29, 2026

Commercial aviation sector - Our financial performance is dependent on the condition of the commercial aviation sector and our partners, suppliers and customers in that sector. A substantial portion of our business is directly tied to economic conditions in the commercial aviation sector, which has historically been cyclical in nature. Capital spending and demand for aircraft engines, aviation products and aftermarket parts and services by commercial airlines, lessors, other aircraft owners or operators and airframers are influenced by a wide variety of factors, including current and predicted traffic levels, passenger and cargo load factors, aircraft fuel prices, labor costs and other issues, airline consolidation, bankruptcies and restructuring activities, competition, the retirement of older aircraft, changes in production schedules, production capabilities and capacities of airframers, regulatory oversight and changes, regulatory certification timing, environmental regulations and related impacts, terrorism and related security concerns, aircraft safety incidents, general economic conditions (including inflationary pressures and new or increased tariffs), tightening of credit in financial markets, corporate profitability, cost reduction efforts and remaining performance obligation levels. Any of these factors could have a negative impact on new orders or on agreements for the sale of our products and services given the long-term nature of those arrangements and could reduce our sales and profit margins. Other factors, including future terrorist actions, aviation safety concerns, public health crises or major natural disasters, could also dramatically reduce the demand for commercial air travel, which could negatively impact our sales and profit margins. We also have dependencies on our suppliers and partners for commercial engine programs to develop, manufacture and service engine parts and components, and on the major airframers that we supply to timely and successfully develop, certify, commercialize and sell aircraft powered by our engines. Supply chain capacity shortfalls and disruptions, including for new parts and services, continue to pose challenges and risks for our business as well as other industry participants. Developments that reduce the flying public's demand for travel could adversely affect future growth in commercial air traffic capacity and the demand for or profitability of our products and services. Additionally, because a substantial portion of product deliveries to commercial aviation customers are scheduled for delivery in the future, changes in economic conditions can cause customers to request that orders be rescheduled or canceled. Spare parts sales and aftermarket service trends are affected by similar factors, including usage, pricing, new product offerings, technological improvements, regulatory changes and the retirement of older aircraft. Furthermore, because of the lengthy research and development cycle involved in bringing new engine platforms and other products to market, we cannot predict the economic conditions that will exist when any new product is ready to enter into service. A reduction in spending in the commercial aviation sector, or challenges for key industry participants, could have a significant effect on the demand for

de-emphasised Total RPO$20,742 $17,991 $16,468

FY 2024 10-K
Removed
Filed Feb 3, 2025

Equipment$11,046 $9,739 $8,930 Services6,944 6,729 5,738 Total RPO$17,991 $16,468 $14,668 As of December 31, 2024, RPO increased $1.5 billion, or 9%, from December 31, 2023, primarily due to increases in equipment from D&S orders outpacing revenue recognized. Equipment growth was primarily driven by engine and flight management system orders. As of December 31, 2023, RPO increased $1.8 billion, or 12%, from December 31, 2022, primarily due to increases in equipment and services orders outpacing revenue recognized. CORPORATE & OTHER. Corporate & Other revenue include our run-off insurance operations revenue and the elimination of intersegment activities. Corporate & Other operating profit includes Corporate functions and operations costs, certain costs of our principal retirement plans, significant, higher-cost restructuring programs, separation costs, profit (loss) of our run-off insurance operations, U.S. tax equity profit (loss), transition services agreements, environmental health and safety (EHS) impacts and other costs, as well as certain amounts that are not included in operating segment results because they are excluded from measurement of their operating performance for internal and external purposes.

FY 2025 10-K
Added
Filed Jan 29, 2026

RPODecember 31, 2025December 31, 2024December 31, 2023 Equipment$13,780 $11,046 $9,739 Services6,962 6,944 6,729 Total RPO$20,742 $17,991 $16,468 As of December 31, 2025, RPO increased $2.8 billion, or 15%, from December 31, 2024, primarily due to increases in equipment from orders outpacing revenue recognized. CORPORATE & OTHER. Corporate & Other revenue include our run-off insurance operations revenue and the elimination of intersegment activities. Corporate & Other operating profit includes Corporate functions and operations costs, certain costs of our principal retirement plans, significant, higher-cost restructuring programs, separation costs, profit (loss) of our run-off insurance operations, U.S. tax equity profit (loss), transition services agreements, environmental health and safety (EHS) impacts and other costs, as well as certain amounts that are not included in operating segment results because they are excluded from measurement of their operating performance for internal and external purposes.

de-emphasised Total RPO$190,564 $171,635 $154,003

FY 2024 10-K
Removed
Filed Feb 3, 2025

RPODecember 31, 2024December 31, 2023December 31, 2022 Equipment$22,509 $16,247 $13,748 Services149,127 137,756 121,640 Total RPO$171,635 $154,003 $135,388 As of December 31, 2024, RPO increased $17.6 billion, or 11%, from December 31, 2023, at Commercial Engines & Services, as a result of contract modifications and engines contracted under long-term service agreements that have now been put into service and from equipment orders outpacing revenue recognized, and at Defense & Propulsion Technologies, driven by Defense & Systems equipment orders outpacing revenue recognized. As of December 31, 2023, RPO increased $18.6 billion, or 14%, from December 31, 2022, primarily at Commercial Engines & Services as a result of engines contracted under long-term service agreements that have now been put into service and contract modifications, and an increase in equipment orders since December 31, 2022.

FY 2025 10-K
Added
Filed Jan 29, 2026

RPODecember 31, 2025December 31, 2024December 31, 2023 Equipment$27,534 $22,509 $16,247 Services163,029 149,127 137,756 Total RPO$190,564 $171,635 $154,003 As of December 31, 2025, RPO increased $18.9 billion, or 11%, from December 31, 2024, primarily at Commercial Engines & Services, as a result of contract modifications and engines contracted under long-term service agreements that have now been put into service and from equipment orders outpacing revenue recognized, and at Defense & Propulsion Technologies, driven by Defense & Systems equipment orders outpacing revenue recognized.

de-emphasised 2025 FORM 10-K 25 The disclosure on GE spin-offs was updated to reflect that the separations are complete, introducing a new material risk that either transaction could be determined to be taxable and incur significant tax liabilities. Additionally, the intellectual property section removed specific mention of aggressive enforcement claims by non-practicing entities.

FY 2024 10-K
Removed
Filed Feb 3, 2025

28 2024 FORM 10-K independent companies might incur income tax liabilities. In addition, the Company may not achieve the anticipated benefits of the GE Vernova and GE HealthCare separations and may be exposed to additional risks, including potential liabilities pursuant to agreements entered into in connection with the spin-offs, the credit support provided to GE Vernova (see the Other Items - GE Vernova Parent Company Guarantees section within MD&A) and the various restructuring and business transformation actions that have brought changes across the Company's organizational structure, senior leadership, functional alignment, outsourcing and other areas. Any of these risks could result in a material adverse effect on the Company's business, reputation, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows. Intellectual property - Our intellectual property portfolio may not prevent others from independently developing products and services comparable or competitive to ours, and we may be negatively impacted by intellectual property enforcement or external dependencies. Our patents and other intellectual property may not prevent others from independently developing or selling products and services comparable or competitive to ours, and there can be no assurance that the resources invested by us to protect our intellectual property will be sufficient to adequately deter infringement, misappropriation or other improper use of our technology, particularly in certain markets outside the U.S. where strong intellectual property protection mechanisms are lacking. Trademark licenses of the GE brand in connection with dispositions, including in connection with the separations of GE HealthCare and GE Vernova into independent companies, may negatively impact the overall value of the brand in the future. We also face potential competition in countries where we have not invested in a patent portfolio. If we are not able to protect our intellectual property, the value of our brand and other intangible assets may be diminished, and our business may be adversely affected. We also face attempts, both internally from insider threats and externally from cyber-attacks, to gain unauthorized access to our IT systems or products for the purpose of improperly acquiring our trade secrets or confidential business information. In addition, we have observed an increase in the use of social engineering tactics by bad actors attempting to access systems storing certain of our trade secrets and other confidential business information. The theft or unauthorized use or publication of our trade secrets or other confidential business information as a result of such incidents could adversely affect our competitive position and the value of certain of our investments in research and development. In addition, we are subject to the enforcement of patents and other apparent intellectual property rights by third parties, including aggressive and opportunistic enforcement claims by non-practicing entities. Regardless of their merit, responding to such claims can be expensive and time-consuming. We also may be found to infringe third-party rights, which could result in us being enjoined from offering some of our products and services or bringing to market new products and services, and require us to pay substantial damages. The value of, or our ability to use, our intellectual property may also be negatively impacted by dependencies on third parties, such as our ability to obtain or renew on reasonable terms, or at all, licenses that we need in the future, or our ability to secure or retain ownership or rights to use data in certain software analytics or services offerings. OPERATIONAL RISKS. Operational risk relates to risks arising from systems, processes, people and external events that affect the operation of our business. It includes risks related to product safety, quality and performance; supply chain and business disruption; operational execution across product and service life cycles; and information management and data protection and security, including cybersecurity.

FY 2025 10-K
Added
Filed Jan 29, 2026

GE spin-offs - The completed GE HealthCare and GE Vernova separations entail certain risks and potential liabilities, including the risk that one or both is determined to be a taxable transaction. The GE HealthCare and GE Vernova separations were effected through spin-offs that were intended to be tax-free for the Company and its shareholders for U.S. federal income tax purposes. If either of the GE HealthCare or GE Vernova separation transactions were ultimately determined to be taxable, the Company would incur a significant tax liability, and the distributions to the Company's shareholders would become taxable and the independent companies might incur income tax liabilities. In addition, the Company may be exposed to additional risks, including potential liabilities pursuant to agreements entered into in connection with the spin-offs, the credit support provided to GE Vernova in the event that GE Vernova is unable to perform the underlying obligations (see Note 24) and the various restructuring and business transformation actions that have brought changes across the Company's organizational structure, senior leadership, functional alignment, outsourcing and other areas. Any of these risks could result in a material adverse effect on the Company's business, reputation, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows. Intellectual property - Our intellectual property portfolio may not prevent others from independently developing products and services comparable or competitive to ours, and we may be negatively impacted by intellectual property enforcement or external dependencies. Our patents and other intellectual property may not prevent others from independently developing or selling products and services comparable or competitive to ours, and there can be no assurance that the resources invested by us to protect our intellectual property will be sufficient to adequately prevent infringement, misappropriation or other improper use of our technology, particularly in certain markets outside the U.S. where strong intellectual property protection mechanisms are lacking. Trademark licenses of the GE brand in connection with dispositions, including in connection with the separations of GE HealthCare and GE Vernova, may negatively impact the overall value of the brand in the future. We also face potential competition in countries where our patent portfolio may be insufficient to protect against infringement in the markets in which we operate. If we are not able to protect or enforce our intellectual property rights, the value of our brand and other intangible assets may be diminished, and our business may be adversely affected. We also face attempts, both internally from insider threats and externally from cyber-attacks, to gain unauthorized access to our IT systems or products for the purpose of improperly acquiring our trade secrets or other confidential, proprietary information. In addition, we have observed an increase in the use of social engineering tactics by bad actors attempting to access systems storing certain of our trade secrets and other confidential, proprietary information. The theft or unauthorized use or publication of our trade secrets or other confidential, proprietary information as a result of such incidents could adversely affect our competitive

de-emphasised 26 2025 FORM 10-K The current filing substantively expands the scope of governmental, legislative, or regulatory actions to specifically include international trade controls or other restrictions on the use of particular materials or suppliers. Furthermore, the risk associated with sole-source suppliers was updated to explicitly mention their viability alongside performance and stability.

FY 2024 10-K
Removed
Filed Feb 3, 2025

2024 FORM 10-K 29 Supply chain - Significant input shortages, supplier capacity constraints, supplier or customer production disruptions, supplier quality and sourcing issues or price increases have increased, and may continue to increase, our operating costs and can adversely impact the competitive positions of our products. Our reliance on third-party suppliers, partners, contract manufacturers and service providers and on commodity markets to secure raw materials, parts, components and sub-systems used in our products exposes us to volatility in the prices and availability of these materials, parts, components, systems and services. As our supply chains are complex and extend into many different countries and regions around the world, we are also subject to global economic and geopolitical dynamics and risks associated with exporting components manufactured in particular countries for incorporation into finished products completed in other countries. We operate in a supply-constrained environment and are facing, and may continue to face, supply-chain shortages, inflationary pressures, shortages of skilled labor, transportation and logistics challenges and manufacturing disruptions that impact our revenue, profitability and timeliness in fulfilling customer orders. We anticipate supply chain pressures across our business will continue to challenge and adversely affect our operations and financial performance for some period of time. For example, successfully executing the significant production and delivery ramp efforts in connection with the growth of newer engine platforms such as the LEAP depends in part on our suppliers having access to the materials, skilled labor and production capacity they require and making timely deliveries to us, as well as meeting the required safety, quality and performance standards for commercial and military aviation. In addition, some of our suppliers or their sub-suppliers are limited- or sole-source suppliers, and our ability to meet our obligations to customers depends on the performance, product quality, continued product availability and stability of such suppliers. We also have dependencies on certain key internal manufacturing or other facilities. Disruptions in deliveries, capacity constraints, production disruptions up- or down-stream, price increases, or decreased availability of raw materials or commodities, including as a result of war, natural disasters (including the effects of climate change such as sea level rise, drought, flooding, wildfires and more intense weather events), actual or threatened public health pandemics or emergencies, governmental, legislative or regulatory actions, or other business continuity events, adversely affect our operations and, depending on the length and severity of the disruption, can limit our ability to meet our commitments to customers or significantly impact our operating profit or cash flows. Further, a prolonged disruption at a significant supplier or discontinuation of an important material, part, component or system can require us to identify and qualify a new supplier or develop other manufacturing or production alternatives; this can require substantial time to implement, particularly if it involves new regulatory certifications, and can lead to costs or delays that adversely impact our production timelines, fulfillment of customer contracts, revenue, profitability, cash flows and reputation. Quality, capability, compliance and sourcing issues experienced by third-party providers can also adversely affect our costs, profitability and the quality and effectiveness of our products and services and result in liability and reputational harm. The harm to us could be significant if, for example, a quality issue at a supplier or with components that we integrate into our products results in a widespread quality issue across one of our product lines or our installed base of equipment. In addition, our suppliers may experience cyber-related attacks, which could negatively impact their ability to meet their delivery obligations to us and in turn have an adverse effect on our ability to meet our commitments to customers.

FY 2025 10-K
Added
Filed Jan 29, 2026

Supply chain - Significant input shortages, supplier capacity constraints, supplier or customer production disruptions, supplier quality and sourcing issues or price increases have increased, and may continue to increase, our operating costs and can adversely impact the competitive positions of our products. Our reliance on third-party suppliers, partners, contract manufacturers and service providers and on commodity markets to secure raw materials, parts, components and sub-systems used in our products exposes us to volatility in the prices and availability of these materials, parts, components, systems and services. As our supply chains are complex and extend into many different countries and regions around the world, we are also subject to global economic and geopolitical dynamics and risks associated with exporting components manufactured in particular countries for incorporation into finished products completed in other countries. We operate in a supply-constrained environment and are facing, and may continue to face, supply-chain shortages, inflationary pressures, shortages of skilled labor, transportation and logistics challenges and manufacturing disruptions that impact our revenue, profitability and timeliness in fulfilling customer orders. We anticipate supply chain pressures across our business will continue to challenge and adversely affect our operations and financial performance for some period of time. For example, successfully executing the significant delivery ramp for new unit production and servicing in connection with the growth of newer engine platforms such as LEAP depends in part on our suppliers having access to the materials, skilled labor and production capacity they require and making timely deliveries to us, as well as meeting the required safety, quality and performance standards for aerospace applications. In addition, some of our suppliers or their sub-suppliers are limited- or sole-source suppliers, and our ability to meet our obligations to customers depends on the performance, product quality, continued product availability, viability and stability of such suppliers. We also have dependencies on key internal manufacturing or other facilities. Disruptions in deliveries, capacity constraints, production disruptions up- or down-stream, price increases, or decreased availability of raw materials or commodities, including as a result of war, natural disasters, actual or threatened public health pandemics or emergencies, governmental, legislative or regulatory actions (including international trade controls or other restrictions on the use of particular materials or suppliers), or other business continuity events, adversely affect our operations and, depending on the length and severity of the disruption, can limit our ability to meet our commitments to customers or significantly impact our operating profit or cash flows. Further, a prolonged disruption at a significant supplier or discontinuation of an important material, part, component or system can

de-emphasised 28 2025 FORM 10-K The cybersecurity disclosure was expanded to specifically name new global compliance obligations, such as the Department of War's NIST and Cybersecurity Maturity Model Certification requirements; additionally, a new section detailing financial risks was introduced, covering credit risk, liquidity risk, and volatility in foreign currency exchange rates.

FY 2024 10-K
Removed
Filed Feb 3, 2025

30 2024 FORM 10-K including our policies and controls, will be effective in promptly or effectively detecting, containing or remediating cybersecurity attacks, which may result in material harm to our systems, information or business. We have experienced, and expect to continue to experience, cyberattacks of varying degrees of sophistication and various cybersecurity incidents, such as distributed denial of service attacks and phishing attacks. It may take considerable time for us to investigate and evaluate the full impact of incidents, particularly for sophisticated attacks. This may inhibit our ability to provide prompt, full and reliable information about the incident to our customers, suppliers, regulators and the public. A significant cyber-related attack against us, a key third-party system or a network that we use, or in our sector, such as an attack on commercial aircraft (even if such an attack does not involve our products, services or systems), could adversely affect our business. The large number of suppliers that we work with requires significant effort for the initial and ongoing verification of the effective implementation of cybersecurity requirements by suppliers. The increasing degree of interconnectedness that we have with our partners, suppliers and customers also poses a risk to the security of our network as well as the larger ecosystem in which we operate. Our risk mitigation efforts may fail to prevent, detect and limit the impact of cyber-related attacks, and we remain vulnerable to known and unknown cybersecurity threats. The continued adoption of new technologies across our business and by our suppliers, including emerging technologies, system migrations and network transitions, also increases our exposure to cybersecurity threats. Any unknown vulnerability or compromise in our or a third-party product (for example, open source software) exposes our systems, networks, software or connected products to malicious actors that seek to misuse our products, steal intellectual property, misappropriate sensitive, confidential or personal data, or create safety risks or unavailability of equipment. In addition, given the nature of complex systems, software and services like ours, and the scanning tools that we deploy in relation to our networks, infrastructure and products, we regularly identify and track security vulnerabilities. We are not always able to comprehensively apply patches or mitigating measures or ensure that patches are applied before vulnerabilities can be exploited. We also have access to sensitive, classified, confidential or personal data or information that is subject to privacy and security laws, regulations or customer-imposed controls. We are vulnerable to security breaches, theft, misplaced, lost or corrupted data, programming errors and misconfigurations, employee errors (including as a result of social engineering/phishing) and/or malfeasance (including misappropriation by insiders or departing employees) that may compromise sensitive, classified, confidential or personal data or information, improper use of our systems, software solutions or networks, unauthorized access, use, disclosure, modification or destruction of or denial of access to information, defective products, production downtimes and operational disruptions. In addition, a cybersecurity incident that impacts our partners, suppliers or customers could compromise our systems and impact our intellectual property, personal data or other confidential information, or result in production downtimes and operational disruptions that could cause us to breach our commitments to customers. Any security vulnerability or malicious software in a product used by a partner or supplier to deliver a service or embedded in a product that is later integrated into a GE Aerospace product could lead to a vulnerability in the security of GE Aerospace's product or, if used internally in our network environment, to a compromise of the GE Aerospace network, which may lead to the loss of information or operational disruptions. Cybersecurity-related and data privacy and protection laws and regulatory regimes are evolving, can vary significantly by country and present increasing compliance challenges, and we from time to time receive, and in the future will likely receive, regulatory inquiries about specific incidents or aspects of our cybersecurity framework; these dynamics increase our costs, affect our competitiveness and can expose us to fines or other penalties and reputational risks. In addition, cybersecurity incidents can result in other negative consequences, regardless of whether the direct effects of an incident are significant, including damage to our reputation or competitiveness, restoration and remediation costs, increased digital infrastructure or related costs that are not covered by insurance, and costs or fines arising from litigation or regulatory investigations or actions. While we carry cyber insurance, we cannot be certain that our coverage will be adequate for liabilities actually incurred, that insurance will continue to be available to us on economically reasonable terms, or at all, or that any insurer will not deny coverage as to any future claim.

FY 2025 10-K
Added
Filed Jan 29, 2026

28 2025 FORM 10-K create safety risks or unavailability of equipment. In addition, given the nature of complex systems, software and services like ours, and the scanning tools that we deploy in relation to our networks, infrastructure and products, we regularly identify and track cybersecurity vulnerabilities. We are not always able to comprehensively apply patches or mitigating measures or ensure that patches are applied before vulnerabilities can be exploited. We also have access to sensitive, classified, confidential or personal data or information that is subject to privacy and security laws, regulations or customer-imposed controls. We are vulnerable to security breaches; theft; misplaced, lost or corrupted data; programming errors; misconfigurations; employee errors (including as a result of social engineering/phishing); and/or malfeasance (including misappropriation by insiders or departing employees) that may compromise sensitive, classified, confidential or personal data or information; improper use of our systems, software solutions or networks; unauthorized access, use, disclosure, modification or destruction of or denial of access to information; vulnerable products; production downtimes; and operational disruptions. In addition, a cybersecurity incident that impacts our partners, suppliers or customers could compromise our systems and impact our intellectual property, personal data or other confidential information, or result in production downtimes and operational disruptions that could cause us to breach our commitments to customers. Any security vulnerability or malicious software in a product used by a partner or supplier to deliver a service or embedded in a product that is later integrated into a GE Aerospace product could lead to a vulnerability in the security of GE Aerospace's product or, if used internally in our network environment, to a compromise of the GE Aerospace network, which may lead to the loss of information or operational disruptions. Cybersecurity and data privacy laws are rapidly evolving, vary significantly by country, and present increasing compliance challenges. We periodically receive regulatory inquiries regarding specific incidents or aspects of our cybersecurity framework, which can increase costs, affect competitiveness, and expose us to fines, penalties, or reputational risks. Expanding global cybersecurity requirements, such as the Department of War's NIST and Cybersecurity Maturity Model Certification requirements, also impose additional obligations on us and our suppliers, heightening the risk of noncompliance, operational disruptions and regulatory enforcement. In addition, cybersecurity incidents can result in other negative consequences, regardless of whether the direct effects of an incident are significant, including damage to our reputation or competitiveness, restoration and remediation costs, increased digital infrastructure or related costs that are not covered by insurance, and costs or fines arising from litigation or regulatory investigations or actions. While we carry cyber insurance, we cannot be certain that our coverage will be adequate for liabilities actually incurred, that insurance will continue to be available to us on economically reasonable terms, or at all, or that any insurer will not deny coverage as to any future claim. FINANCIAL RISKS. Financial risk relates to our ability to meet financial goals and obligations and mitigate exposure to broad market risks. In addition to the risks to financial performance that most of the items described throughout our risk factors pose, financial risks include credit risk; funding and liquidity risks; and volatility in foreign currency exchange rates, interest rates and commodity prices. We also face financial risks associated with our run-off insurance and banking operations. Credit risk is the risk of financial loss arising from a customer or counterparty failure to meet its contractual obligations. Liquidity risk refers to the potential inability to meet contractual or contingent financial obligations (whether on- or off-balance sheet) as they arise, and could potentially impact our financial condition, cash flow or overall safety and soundness.

reworded How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit

FY 2024 10-K
Removed
Filed Feb 3, 2025

How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit Our auditing procedures over the key estimates described above related to the amount and timing of revenue recognition of the long-term service agreements included the following, among others: •We tested the effectiveness of controls over the revenue recognition process for the long-term service agreements, including controls over management's key estimates. •We evaluated management's risk assessment process through observation of key meetings and processes, including inspection of documentation, addressing contract status and current market conditions including the timely incorporation of changes that affect total estimated costs to complete the contract.

FY 2025 10-K
Added
Filed Jan 29, 2026

How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit Our audit procedures over the key assumptions within the estimates described above related to the amount and timing of revenue recognition of the long-term service agreements included the following, among others: •We tested the effectiveness of controls related to the revenue recognition process for the long-term service agreements, including controls over management's estimates. •We evaluated management's risk assessment process through observation of key meetings and processes, including inspection of documentation, addressing contract status and current market conditions including the timely incorporation of changes that affect total estimated costs to complete the contract.

reworded Critical Audit Matter Description

FY 2024 10-K
Removed
Filed Feb 3, 2025

Future Policy Benefits - refer to Note 12 to the financial statements Critical Audit Matter Description The liability for future policy benefits as of December 31, 2024 is measured under ASU 2018-12 "Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Long Duration Contracts" (LDTI) based on current assumptions applied to the underlying policy cash flows. The liability for future policy benefits includes $24,675 million for long term care policies. Significant uncertainties exist in evaluating future cash flow projections, including consideration of a wide range of possible outcomes of future events over the life of the insurance contracts that can extend for long periods of time. A key assumption impacting the cash flow projections used in the measurement of such liabilities that is sensitive and more subjective, requiring significant judgment by management, is the rate of change in morbidity. Given the significant judgments required by management, auditing the liability for future policy benefits required a high degree of auditor judgment and an increased extent of effort, including the involvement of actuarial specialists.

FY 2025 10-K
Added
Filed Jan 29, 2026

Future policy benefits - Refer to Notes 1 and 12 to the financial statements Critical Audit Matter Description The liability for future policy benefits as of December 31, 2025 is based on current assumptions applied to the underlying policy cash flows. The liability for future policy benefits includes $25,792 million for long term care policies. Significant uncertainties exist in evaluating future cash flow projections, including consideration of a wide range of possible outcomes of future events over the life of the insurance contracts that can extend for long periods of time. A key assumption impacting the cash flow projections used in the measurement of such liabilities that is sensitive and more subjective, requiring significant judgment by management, is the rate of change in morbidity. Given the significant judgments required by management, auditing the liability for future policy benefits required a high degree of auditor judgment and an increased extent of effort, including the involvement of actuarial specialists.

reworded REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

FY 2024 10-K
Removed
Filed Feb 3, 2025

/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP Cincinnati, Ohio February 3, 2025 We have served as the Company's auditor since 2020. REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

FY 2025 10-K
Added
Filed Jan 29, 2026

/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP Cincinnati, Ohio January 29, 2026 We have served as the Company's auditor since 2020. 34 2025 FORM 10-K REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

reworded Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

FY 2024 10-K
Removed
Filed Feb 3, 2025

To the shareholders and the Board of Directors of General Electric Company (operating as GE Aerospace) Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of General Electric Company (operating as GE Aerospace) and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of December 31, 2024, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by COSO. We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2024, of the Company and our report dated February 3, 2025, expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements.

FY 2025 10-K
Added
Filed Jan 29, 2026

To the shareholders and the Board of Directors of General Electric Company (operating as GE Aerospace) Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of General Electric Company (operating as GE Aerospace) and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of December 31, 2025, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2025, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by COSO. We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2025, of the Company and our report dated January 29, 2026, expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements.

reworded 2025 FORM 10-K 35

FY 2024 10-K
Removed
Filed Feb 3, 2025

/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP Cincinnati, Ohio February 3, 2025 2024 FORM 10-K 37

FY 2025 10-K
Added
Filed Jan 29, 2026

/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP Cincinnati, Ohio January 29, 2026 2025 FORM 10-K 35

reworded OTHER CONSOLIDATED INFORMATION

FY 2024 10-K
Removed
Filed Feb 3, 2025

OTHER CONSOLIDATED INFORMATION RESTRUCTURING AND SEPARATION COSTS. Significant, higher-cost restructuring programs, primarily related to the separations, are excluded from measurement of segment operating performance for internal and external purposes; those excluded amounts are reported in Restructuring and other charges for Corporate. In addition, we incur costs associated with separation activities, which are also excluded from measurement of segment operating performance for internal and external purposes. See Note 20 for further information on restructuring and separation costs. INTEREST AND OTHER FINANCIAL CHARGES were $1.0 billion, $1.0 billion and $1.3 billion for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The decrease was primarily due to lower average borrowing balances. The primary component of interest and other financial charges is interest on short- and long-term borrowings. DEBT EXTINGUISHMENT COSTS were zero, zero, and $0.5 billion, for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 respectively. There were no debt tenders in 2024 and 2023.

FY 2025 10-K
Added
Filed Jan 29, 2026

Adjusted Corporate & Other operating costs* increased by $0.2 billion primarily due to lower bank interest. OTHER CONSOLIDATED INFORMATION RESTRUCTURING AND SEPARATION COSTS. Significant, higher-cost restructuring programs, primarily related to the separations, are excluded from measurement of segment operating performance for internal and external purposes; those excluded amounts are reported in Restructuring and other charges for Corporate. In addition, we incur costs associated with separation activities, which are also excluded from measurement of segment operating performance for internal and external purposes. See Note 20 for further information on restructuring and separation costs. INTEREST AND OTHER FINANCIAL CHARGES were $0.8 billion, $1.0 billion and $1.0 billion for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The decrease was primarily due to lower interest on tax deficiencies. The primary components of interest and other financial charges are interest on short- and long-term borrowings and interest on tax deficiencies.

reworded Effective tax rate (ETR)14.1 %12.6 %9.5 %

FY 2024 10-K
Removed
Filed Feb 3, 2025

POSTRETIREMENT BENEFIT PLANS. Refer to Note 13 for information about our pension and retiree benefit plans. INCOME TAXES202420232022 Effective tax rate (ETR)12.6 %9.5 %11.1 %

FY 2025 10-K
Added
Filed Jan 29, 2026

POSTRETIREMENT BENEFIT PLANS. Refer to Note 13 for information about our pension and retiree benefit plans. INCOME TAXES202520242023 Effective tax rate (ETR)14.1 %12.6 %9.5 %

reworded 2025 FORM 10-K 11

FY 2024 10-K
Removed
Filed Feb 3, 2025

*Non-GAAP Financial Measure 12 2024 FORM 10-K For the year ended December 31, 2024, the adjusted effective income tax rate* was 20.1% compared to 23.9% for the year ended December 31, 2023. The adjusted provision for income taxes* was $1.3 billion in 2024 and $1.1 billion in 2023. The increase in tax was primarily due to the tax effect of the increase in adjusted earnings before taxes*, partially offset by an increase in tax benefit associated with earnings of global activities and equity compensation. For the year ended December 31, 2023, the effective income tax rate was 9.5% compared to 11.1% for the year ended December 31, 2022. The tax rates for both 2023 and 2022 reflect a tax provision on pre-tax income. The provision (benefit) for income tax was $1.0 billion and $0.2 billion for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The increase in tax was primarily due to the tax effect of the increase in pre-tax income excluding gains and losses on our retained and sold ownership interests, partially offset by a decrease in tax expense related to separation-related entity restructuring. There was an insignificant tax on the net gains in GE HealthCare, AerCap and Baker Hughes equity in both periods because of the tax-free disposition of GE HealthCare shares and because of available capital losses. For the year ended December 31, 2023, the adjusted effective income tax rate* was 23.9% compared to 17.6% for the year ended December 31, 2022. The adjusted provision for income taxes* was $1.1 billion in 2023 and $0.5 billion in 2022. The increase in tax was primarily due to the tax effect of the increase in adjusted earnings before taxes* and a decrease in favorable audit resolutions. The rate of tax on our profitable non-U.S. earnings is below the U.S. statutory rate because we have significant business operations subject to tax in countries where the tax rate on that income is lower than the U.S. statutory rate. Most of these earnings have been reinvested in active non-U.S. business operations. Due to U.S. tax reform, substantially all of our unrepatriated net earnings have been subject to U.S. tax and accordingly we expect to have the ability to repatriate available non-U.S. cash without significant additional tax cost. We reassess reinvestment of earnings on an ongoing basis. A substantial portion of the benefit for lower-taxed non-U.S. earnings related to business operations subject to tax in countries where the tax on that income is lower than the U.S. statutory rate is derived from our operations located in Singapore, where the earnings are primarily taxed at a rate of 8.5% in 2024 and 2023, and 8.0% in 2022. The U.S. has enacted a minimum tax on foreign earnings (global intangible low taxed income) as part of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (U.S. tax reform). We pay significant foreign tax which substantially reduces the U.S. liability on these earnings. In addition, the rate of tax on non-U.S. operations has increased from losses in foreign jurisdictions where it is not likely that such losses can be utilized and therefore no tax benefit is provided for those losses. Non-U.S. losses also limit our ability to claim U.S. foreign tax credits on certain operations, increasing the rate of tax on non-U.S. operations. Overall, these factors reduce the benefit associated with our non-U.S. operations. A more detailed analysis of differences between the U.S. federal statutory rate and the consolidated effective rate, as well as other information about our income tax provisions, is provided in Critical Accounting Estimates and Note 15. DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS primarily comprise our former GE Vernova and GE HealthCare businesses, our mortgage portfolio in Poland (Bank BPH) and other trailing assets and liabilities associated with prior dispositions. Results of operations, financial position and cash flows for these businesses are reported as discontinued operations for all periods presented and the notes to the financial statements have been adjusted on a retrospective basis. See Note 2 for further information regarding our businesses in discontinued operations.

FY 2025 10-K
Added
Filed Jan 29, 2026

*Non-GAAP Financial Measure 2025 FORM 10-K 11 For the year ended December 31, 2025, the effective income tax rate was 14.1% compared to 12.6% for the year ended December 31, 2024. See Note 15 for further information. The tax rates for both 2025 and 2024 reflect a tax provision on pre-tax income. The provision (benefit) for income taxes was $1.4 billion and $1.0 billion for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The increase in the tax provision was primarily due to higher net income before taxes, a decrease in tax benefits associated with separation activities, lower non-taxable gains on our retained and sold ownership interests, and an increase in global minimum tax (Pillar 2), partially offset by higher tax benefits on global activities (reduced for the impact of the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA)), an increase in business tax credits, tax benefits associated with realized foreign tax credits and favorable audit resolutions. For the year ended December 31, 2025, the adjusted effective income tax rate* was 17.3% compared to 20.1% for the year ended December 31, 2024. The decrease was primarily due to higher tax benefits on global activities, higher U.S. business tax credits and favorable audit resolutions, partially offset by global minimum taxes (Pillar 2). The adjusted provision for income taxes* was $1.4 billion and $1.3 billion for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The increase was primarily due to higher adjusted income before taxes* and an increase in global minimum tax (Pillar 2), partially offset by higher tax benefit on global activities (reduced for the impact of the OBBBA), an increase of business tax credits and favorable audit resolutions. The rate of tax on our profitable non-U.S. earnings is below the U.S. statutory rate because we have significant business operations subject to tax in countries where the tax rate on that income is lower than the U.S. statutory rate. Most of these earnings have been reinvested in active non-U.S. business operations. Due to U.S. tax reform, substantially all of our unrepatriated earnings have been subject to U.S. tax and accordingly we expect to have the ability to repatriate available non-U.S. cash without significant additional tax cost. We reassess reinvestment of earnings on an ongoing basis. A substantial portion of the benefit for lower-taxed non-U.S. earnings related to business operations subject to tax in countries where the tax on that income is lower than the U.S. statutory rate is derived from our operations located in Singapore, where the earnings were primarily taxed at a rate of 8.5% in 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively. In 2025, Singapore adopted a qualified domestic minimum top-up tax (QDMTT) of 15%, consistent with OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) Pillar 2 guidelines, which largely reduces the benefit from the lower tax rate in Singapore. The U.S. has enacted a minimum tax on foreign earnings (global intangible low taxed income) as part of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (U.S. tax reform). We pay significant foreign tax which substantially reduces the U.S. tax liability on these earnings. In addition, the rate of tax on non-U.S. operations has increased from losses in foreign jurisdictions where it is not likely that such losses can be utilized and therefore no tax benefit is provided for those losses. Non-U.S. losses also limit our ability to claim U.S. foreign tax credits on certain operations, increasing the rate of tax on non-U.S. operations. Overall, these factors reduce the benefit associated with our non-U.S. operations. A more detailed analysis of differences between the U.S. federal statutory rate and the consolidated effective rate, as well as other information about our income tax provisions, is provided in Critical Accounting Estimates and Note 15. DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS Our former GE Vernova and GE HealthCare businesses, our mortgage portfolio in Poland (Bank BPH) and other trailing assets and liabilities associated with prior dispositions are included in discontinued operations. Results of operations, financial position and cash flows for these businesses are reported as discontinued operations for all periods presented and the notes to the financial statements have been adjusted on a retrospective basis. See Note 2 for further information regarding our businesses in discontinued operations.

reworded CAPITAL RESOURCES AND LIQUIDITY

FY 2024 10-K
Removed
Filed Feb 3, 2025

CAPITAL RESOURCES AND LIQUIDITY FINANCIAL POLICY. GE Aerospace is committed to maintaining strong investment grade ratings with a disciplined capital allocation strategy. The Company will continue to invest in future growth and innovation through research and development and capital expenditures. We intend to return a majority of our free cash flow* to shareholders through dividends and share repurchases. Merger and acquisition investments will be pursued in a disciplined way and focused on those that offer strategic, operational and financial synergies. LIQUIDITY POLICY. We maintain a strong focus on liquidity and define our liquidity risk tolerance based on sources and uses to maintain a sufficient liquidity position to meet our business needs and financial obligations under both normal and stressed conditions. We believe that our consolidated liquidity and availability under our revolving credit facilities will be sufficient to meet our liquidity needs. CONSOLIDATED LIQUIDITY. Our primary sources of liquidity consist of cash and cash equivalents, free cash flow* from our operating businesses, and access to capital markets. If needed, we can also draw from short-term borrowing facilities, including revolving credit facilities. Cash generation can be subject to variability based on many factors, including receipt of down payments on large equipment orders, timing of billings on long-term contracts, timing of customer allowances and market conditions. Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash was $13.6 billion at December 31, 2024, of which $4.4 billion was held in the U.S. and $9.2 billion was held outside the U.S. Cash held in non-U.S. entities has generally been reinvested in active foreign business operations; however, substantially all of our unrepatriated earnings were subject to U.S. federal tax and, if there is a change in reinvestment, we would expect to be able to repatriate available cash (excluding amounts held in countries with currency controls) without significant tax cost.

FY 2025 10-K
Added
Filed Jan 29, 2026

CAPITAL RESOURCES AND LIQUIDITY FINANCIAL POLICY. GE Aerospace is committed to maintaining strong investment grade ratings with a disciplined capital allocation strategy. The Company will continue its commitment to investing and developing technologies that improve safety, durability, reliability and efficiency for our current engine products over their lifecycle and for the future of flight, and expanding our manufacturing and MRO capacity through research and development and capital expenditures. We intend to return a portion of our free cash flow* to shareholders through dividends and share repurchases. Merger and acquisition investments will be pursued in a disciplined way and focused on those that offer strategic, operational and financial synergies. LIQUIDITY POLICY. We maintain a strong focus on liquidity and define our liquidity risk tolerance based on sources and uses to maintain a sufficient liquidity position to meet our business needs and financial obligations under both normal and stressed conditions. We believe that our consolidated liquidity and availability under our revolving credit facilities will be sufficient to meet our liquidity needs. CONSOLIDATED LIQUIDITY. Our primary sources of liquidity consist of cash and cash equivalents, free cash flow* from our operating businesses, and access to capital markets. If needed, we can also draw from short-term borrowing facilities, including revolving credit facilities. Cash generation can be subject to variability based on many factors, including receipt of down payments on large equipment orders, timing of billings on long-term contracts, timing of customer allowances and market conditions. Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash was $12.4 billion at December 31, 2025, of which $9.9 billion was held in the U.S. and $2.5 billion was held outside the U.S. Cash held outside the U.S. has generally been reinvested in active foreign business operations; however, substantially all of our unrepatriated income is subject to U.S. federal tax and, if there is a change in reinvestment, we would expect to be able to repatriate available cash (excluding amounts held in countries with currency controls) without significant tax cost.

reworded Long termA3A-

FY 2024 10-K
Removed
Filed Feb 3, 2025

Moody'sS&P OutlookPositiveStable Short termP-2A-2 Long termBaa1BBB+ Our ratings may be subject to a revision or withdrawal at any time by the assigning rating organization, and each rating should be evaluated independently of any other rating. Substantially all of the Company's debt agreements in place at December 31, 2024 do not contain material credit rating covenants. Our unused back-up revolving syndicated credit facility contains a customary net debt-to-EBITDA financial covenant, which we satisfied at December 31, 2024. FOREIGN EXCHANGE RISK AND INTEREST RATE RISK. As a result of our global operations, we generate and incur a small portion of our revenue and expenses in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. Such principal currencies include the euro, the British Sterling pound, and Brazilian real. The effect of foreign currency fluctuations on earnings was immaterial for the year ended December 31, 2024. See Note 22 for further information about our risk exposures, our use of derivatives, and the effects of this activity on our financial statements. Exchange rate and interest rate risks are managed with a variety of techniques, including selective use of derivatives. We apply policies to manage each of these risks, including prohibitions on speculative activities. It is our policy to minimize currency exposures by conducting operations in the U.S. dollar if possible or by utilizing the protection of hedge strategies. To assess exposure to interest rate risk, we apply a +/- 100 basis points change in interest rates and keep that in place for the next 12 months. To assess exposure to currency risk of assets and liabilities denominated in other than their functional currencies, we evaluate the effect of a 10% shift in exchange rates against the U.S. dollar (USD). The analyses indicated that our 2024 consolidated net earnings would decline by $0.1 billion for interest rate risk and $0.1 billion for foreign exchange risk.

FY 2025 10-K
Added
Filed Jan 29, 2026

Moody'sS&P OutlookPositiveStable Short termP-2A-2 Long termA3A- Our ratings may be subject to a revision or withdrawal at any time by the assigning rating organization, and each rating should be evaluated independently of any other rating. Substantially all of the Company's debt agreements in place at December 31, 2025 do not contain material credit rating covenants. Our unused back-up revolving syndicated credit facility contains a customary net debt-to-EBITDA financial covenant, which we satisfied at December 31, 2025. FOREIGN EXCHANGE AND INTEREST RATE RISKS. As a result of our global operations, we generate and incur a small portion of our revenue and expenses in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. Such principal currencies include the euro, the British sterling pound and Brazilian real. The effect of foreign currency fluctuations on income was insignificant. See Note 22 for further information about our risk exposures, our use of derivatives, and the effects of this activity on our financial statements. Exchange rate and interest rate risks are managed with a variety of techniques, including selective use of derivatives. We apply policies to manage each of these risks, including prohibitions on speculative activities. It is our policy to minimize currency exposures by conducting operations in the U.S. dollar if possible or by utilizing the protection of hedge strategies. To assess exposure to interest rate risk, we apply a +/- 100 basis points change in interest rates and keep that in place for the next 12 months. To assess exposure to currency risk of assets and liabilities denominated in other than their functional currencies, we evaluate the effect of a 10% shift in exchange rates against the U.S. dollar (USD). The analyses indicated that our 2025 consolidated net income would be impacted by $0.1 billion for interest rate risk and insignificantly for foreign exchange risk.

reworded STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS

FY 2024 10-K
Removed
Filed Feb 3, 2025

14 2024 FORM 10-K STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS CASH FLOWS FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS. The most significant source of cash flows from operating activities (CFOA) is customer-related activities, the largest of which is collecting cash resulting from equipment or services sales. The most significant operating use of cash is to pay our suppliers, employees, tax authorities and postretirement plans. GE Aerospace measures itself on a free cash flow* basis. This metric includes CFOA plus investments in property, plant and equipment and additions to internal-use software, and this metric excludes any cash received from dispositions of property, plant and equipment. Cash from operating activities was $5.8 billion in 2024, an increase of $1.2 billion compared to 2023, primarily due to: an increase in net income (after adjusting for depreciation of property, plant and equipment, amortization of intangible assets, goodwill impairments and non-cash (gains) losses related to our retained and sold ownership interests in GE HealthCare, AerCap and Baker Hughes) driven by all segments, a decrease in income tax payments, partially offset by working capital growth and decrease in All other operating activities. The components of All other operating activities were as follows:

FY 2025 10-K
Added
Filed Jan 29, 2026

STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS CASH FLOWS FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS. The most significant source of cash flows from operating activities (CFOA) is customer-related activities, the largest of which is collecting cash resulting from equipment or services sales. The most significant operating use of cash is to pay our suppliers, employees, tax authorities and postretirement plans. GE Aerospace measures itself on a free cash flow* basis. This metric includes CFOA plus investments in property, plant and equipment and internal-use software and cash received from dispositions of property, plant and equipment. Cash from operating activities was $8.5 billion in 2025, an increase of $2.7 billion compared to 2024, primarily due to: an increase in net income (after adjusting for depreciation of property, plant and equipment, amortization of intangible assets, goodwill impairments and non-cash (gains) losses related to our retained and sold ownership interests and other equity securities) driven by all segments, increases in sales discount and allowances and All other operating activities, partially offset by working capital growth and higher income tax payments. The components of All other operating activities were as follows:

reworded Other deferred assets

FY 2024 10-K
Removed
Filed Feb 3, 2025

(Gains) Losses on purchases and sales of business interests(399)105 Net interest and other financial charges/(cash paid)31 46 Other deferred assets (84)201

FY 2025 10-K
Added
Filed Jan 29, 2026

(Gains) Losses on purchases and sales of business interests(6)(399) Net interest and other financial charges/(cash paid)(39)31 Other deferred assets

reworded 14 2025 FORM 10-K

FY 2024 10-K
Removed
Filed Feb 3, 2025

2024 FORM 10-K 17 INSURANCE AND INVESTMENT CONTRACTS. Refer to the Other Items - Insurance section for further discussion of the accounting estimates and assumptions in our insurance reserves and their sensitivity to change. See Notes 1 and 12 for further information.

FY 2025 10-K
Added
Filed Jan 29, 2026

INSURANCE AND INVESTMENT CONTRACTS. Refer to the Other Items - Insurance section for further discussion of the accounting estimates and assumptions in our insurance reserves and their sensitivity to change. See Notes 1 and 12 for further information.

reworded 2025 FORM 10-K 15

FY 2024 10-K
Removed
Filed Feb 3, 2025

PENSION ASSUMPTIONS. Refer to Note 13 for our accounting estimates and assumptions related to our postretirement benefit plans. INCOME TAXES. Our annual tax rate is based on our income, statutory tax rates and tax planning opportunities available to us in the various jurisdictions in which we operate. Tax laws are complex and subject to different interpretations by the taxpayer and respective governmental taxing authorities. Significant judgment is required in determining our tax expense and in evaluating our tax positions, including evaluating uncertainties. We review our tax positions quarterly and adjust the balances as new information becomes available. Our income tax rate is significantly affected by the tax rate on our global operations. In addition to local country tax laws and regulations, this rate can depend on the extent earnings are indefinitely reinvested outside the U.S. Historically U.S. taxes were due upon repatriation of foreign earnings. Due to the enactment of U.S. tax reform in 2017, substantially all of our unrepatriated net earnings have been subject to U.S. tax and accordingly we expect to have the ability to repatriate available non-U.S. cash without significant additional tax cost. Indefinite reinvestment is determined by management's judgment about and intentions concerning the future operations of the Company. Most of these earnings have been reinvested in active non-U.S. business operations. We reassess reinvestment of earnings on an ongoing basis. We evaluate the recoverability of deferred income tax assets by assessing the adequacy of future expected taxable income from all sources, including reversal of taxable temporary differences, forecasted operating earnings and available tax planning strategies, which rely on reasonable estimates. We use our historical experience and our short- and long-range business forecasts to provide insight. Further, our global and diversified business portfolio gives us the opportunity to employ various prudent and feasible tax planning strategies to facilitate the recoverability of future deductions. Amounts recorded for deferred tax assets related to non-U.S. net operating losses, net of valuation allowances, were $0.5 billion and $1.0 billion at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Of this, an insignificant amount and $0.6 billion at December 31, 2024 and 2023 respectively, were associated with losses reported in discontinued operations, primarily related to our GE Vernova, GE HealthCare and legacy financial services businesses. See Other Consolidated Information - Income Taxes section and Notes 1 and 15 for further information. LOSS CONTINGENCIES. Loss contingencies are existing conditions, situations or circumstances involving uncertainty as to possible loss that will ultimately be resolved when future events occur or fail to occur. Such contingencies include, but are not limited to, environmental, health and safety matters, litigation, regulatory investigations and proceedings, government contracts, employee benefit plans, product quality guarantees and losses resulting from other events and developments. In particular, the design, development, production and support of aerospace products is inherently complex and subject to risk. Technical issues associated with these products may arise in the normal course and may result in financial impacts, including increased warranty provisions, customer contract settlements, and changes in contract performance estimates. When a loss is considered probable and reasonably estimable, we record a liability in the amount of our best estimate for the ultimate loss. When there appears to be a range of possible costs with equal likelihood, liabilities are based on the low-end of such range. However, the likelihood of a loss with respect to a particular contingency is often difficult to predict and determining a meaningful estimate of the loss or a range of loss may not be practicable based on the information available and the potential effect of future events and negotiations with or decisions by third parties that will determine the ultimate resolution of the contingency. Moreover, it is not uncommon for such matters to be resolved over many years, during which time relevant developments and new information must be continuously evaluated to determine both the likelihood of potential loss and whether it is possible to reasonably estimate a range of possible loss. Disclosure is provided for material loss contingencies when a loss is probable but a reasonable estimate cannot be made, and when it is reasonably possible that a loss will be incurred or the amount of a loss will exceed the recorded provision. We regularly review contingencies to determine whether the likelihood of loss has changed and to assess whether a reasonable estimate of the loss or range of loss can be made. See Note 24 for further information.

FY 2025 10-K
Added
Filed Jan 29, 2026

PENSION ASSUMPTIONS. Refer to Note 13 for our accounting estimates and assumptions related to our postretirement benefit plans. 2025 FORM 10-K 15 INCOME TAXES. Our annual tax rate is based on our income, statutory tax rates and tax planning opportunities available to us in the various jurisdictions in which we operate. Tax laws are complex and subject to different interpretations by the taxpayer and respective governmental taxing authorities. Significant judgment is required in determining our tax expense and in evaluating our tax positions, including evaluating uncertainties. We review our tax positions quarterly and adjust the balances as new information becomes available. Our income tax rate is significantly affected by the tax rate on our global operations. In addition to local country tax laws and regulations, this rate can depend on the extent to which earnings are indefinitely reinvested outside the U.S. Historically, U.S. taxes were due upon the repatriation of foreign net income. Due to the enactment of U.S. tax reform in 2017, substantially all of our unrepatriated earnings has been subject to U.S. tax and accordingly we expect to have the ability to repatriate available non-U.S. cash without significant additional tax cost. Indefinite reinvestment is determined by management's judgment about and intentions concerning the future operations of the Company. Most of these earnings have been reinvested in active non-U.S. business operations. We reassess reinvestment of earnings on an ongoing basis. We evaluate the recoverability of deferred income tax assets by assessing the adequacy of future expected taxable income from all sources, including reversal of taxable temporary differences, forecasted operating earnings and available tax planning strategies, which rely on reasonable estimates. We use our historical experience and our short- and long-range business forecasts to provide insight. Further, our global and diversified business portfolio gives us the opportunity to employ various prudent and feasible tax planning strategies to facilitate the recoverability of future deductions. Amounts recorded for deferred tax assets related to non-U.S. net operating losses, net of valuation allowances, were $0.7 billion and $0.5 billion at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Of this, an insignificant amount at December 31, 2025 and 2024 respectively, were associated with losses reported in discontinued operations. See Other Consolidated Information - Income Taxes section and Notes 1 and 15 for further information. LOSS CONTINGENCIES. Loss contingencies are existing conditions, situations or circumstances involving uncertainty as to possible loss that will ultimately be resolved when future events occur or fail to occur. Such contingencies include, but are not limited to, environmental, health and safety matters, litigation, regulatory investigations and proceedings, government contracts, employee benefit plans, product quality guarantees and losses resulting from other events and developments. In particular, the design, development, production and support of aerospace products is inherently complex and subject to risk. Technical issues associated with these products may arise in the normal course and may result in financial impacts, including increased warranty provisions, customer contract settlements, and changes in contract performance estimates. When a loss is considered probable and reasonably estimable, we record a liability in the amount of our best estimate for the ultimate loss. When there appears to be a range of possible costs with equal likelihood, liabilities are based on the low-end of such range. However, the likelihood of a loss with respect to a particular contingency is often difficult to predict and determining a meaningful estimate of the loss or a range of loss may not be practicable based on the information available and the potential effect of future events and negotiations with or decisions by third parties that will determine the ultimate resolution of the contingency. Moreover, it is not uncommon for such matters to be resolved over many years, during which time relevant developments and new information must be continuously evaluated to determine both the likelihood of potential loss and whether it is possible to reasonably estimate a range of possible loss. Disclosure is provided for material loss contingencies when a loss is probable but a reasonable estimate cannot be made, and when it is reasonably possible that a loss will be incurred or the amount of a loss will exceed the recorded provision. We regularly review contingencies to determine whether the likelihood of loss has changed and to assess whether a reasonable estimate of the loss or range of loss can be made. See Note 24 for further information.

reworded Gross statutory reserves(a)

FY 2024 10-K
Removed
Filed Feb 3, 2025

18 2024 FORM 10-K December 31, 2024ERACUFLICTotal GAAP: Ending balance of reserves at locked-in rate $18,488 $4,970 $23,458 Gross statutory reserves(a)

FY 2025 10-K
Added
Filed Jan 29, 2026

16 2025 FORM 10-K December 31, 2025ERACUFLICTotal GAAP: Ending balance of reserves at locked-in rate $18,887 $4,950 $23,837 Gross statutory reserves(a)

reworded (a) Pending completion of our December 31, 2025 statutory reporting process.

FY 2024 10-K
Removed
Filed Feb 3, 2025

Percentage of policies that are premium paying64 %72 %65 % Policies on claim11,200 7,500 18,700 (a) Pending completion of our December 31, 2024 statutory reporting process. Structured settlement annuities. We reinsure approximately 23,400 structured settlement annuities with an average attained age of 57. Approximately 27% of these structured settlement annuities were underwritten on impaired lives (i.e., shorter-than-average life expectancies) at origination and have projected payments extending decades into the future. Our primary risks associated with these contracts include mortality (i.e., life expectancy or longevity), mortality improvement (i.e., assumed rate that mortality is expected to reduce over time), which may extend the duration of payments on life contingent contracts beyond our estimates, and reinvestment risk (i.e., a low interest rate environment). Unlike long-term care insurance, structured settlement annuities offer no ability to require additional premiums or reduce benefits. Life Insurance contracts. Our life reinsurance business typically covers the mortality risk associated with various types of life insurance policies that we reinsure from approximately 150 ceding company relationships where we pay a benefit based on the death of a covered life. At December 31, 2024, across our U.S. and Canadian life insurance portfolio, we reinsure approximately $45 billion of net amount at risk (i.e., difference between the death benefit and any accrued cash value) from approximately 1.1 million policies with an average attained age of 63. In 2024, our incurred claims were approximately $0.4 billion with an average individual claim of approximately $46,100. The covered products primarily include permanent life insurance and 20- and 30-year level term insurance. We anticipate a significant portion of the 20- and 30-year level term policies, which represent approximately 7% and 43% of the net amount of risk, to lapse through 2026 and 2035 as the policies reach the end of their 20- and 30-year level premium period, respectively.

FY 2025 10-K
Added
Filed Jan 29, 2026

Percentage of policies that are premium paying63 %70 %64 % Policies on claim12,000 7,300 19,300 (a) Pending completion of our December 31, 2025 statutory reporting process. Structured settlement annuities. We reinsure approximately 23,000 structured settlement annuities with an average attained age of 58. Approximately 27% of these structured settlement annuities were underwritten on impaired lives (i.e., shorter-than-average life expectancies) at origination and have projected payments extending decades into the future. Our primary risks associated with these contracts include mortality (i.e., life expectancy or longevity), mortality improvement (i.e., assumed rate that mortality is expected to reduce over time), which may extend the duration of payments on life contingent contracts beyond our estimates, and reinvestment risk (i.e., a low interest rate environment). Unlike long-term care insurance, structured settlement annuities offer no ability to require additional premiums or reduce benefits. Life Insurance contracts. Our life reinsurance business typically covers the mortality risk associated with various types of life insurance policies that we reinsure from approximately 135 ceding company relationships where we pay a benefit based on the death of a covered life. At December 31, 2025, we reinsure approximately $32 billion of net amount at risk (i.e., difference between the death benefit and any accrued cash value) from approximately 823,000 policies with an average attained age of 65. In 2025, our incurred claims were approximately $0.4 billion with an average individual claim of approximately $48,000. The covered products substantially include 30-year level term insurance and permanent life insurance. We anticipate a significant portion of the 30-year level term policies, which represent approximately 60% of the net amount of risk, to lapse through 2035 as the policies reach the end of their 30-year level premium period.

reworded The primary cash flow assumptions used in the annual review include:

FY 2024 10-K
Removed
Filed Feb 3, 2025

2024 FORM 10-K 19 The primary cash flow assumptions used in the annual review include: Morbidity. Morbidity assumptions used in estimating future policy benefit reserves are based on estimates of expected incidences of disability among policyholders and the costs associated with these policyholders asserting claims under their contracts, and these estimates account for any expected future morbidity improvement. For long-term care insurance exposures, estimating expected future costs includes assessments of incidence (probability of a claim), utilization (amount of available benefits expected to be incurred) and continuance (how long the claim will last, including claim terminations due to death or recovery). Rate of Change in Morbidity. Our review incorporates our best estimates of projected future changes in the morbidity rates reflected in our base claim incidence rates. These estimates draw upon a number of inputs, some of which are subjective, and all of which are interpreted and applied in the exercise of professional actuarial judgment in the context of the characteristics specific to our portfolios. This exercise of actuarial judgment considers factors such as the work performed by internal and external independent actuarial experts engaged to advise us in our annual review, the observed actual experience in our portfolios measured against our base assumptions, industry developments, and other trends, including advances in the state of medical care and healthcare technology development. Terminations. Terminations include active life mortality and lapse. Mortality assumptions used in estimating future policy benefit reserves are based on published mortality tables as adjusted for the results of our experience studies and estimates of expected future mortality improvement. Lapse refers to the rate at which the underlying policies are cancelled due to non-payment of premiums by a policyholder. Lapse rate assumptions used in estimating the present value of future policy benefit reserves are based on the results of our experience studies and reflect actuarial judgment. Future long-term care premium rate increases. Substantially all long-term care insurance policies that are currently premium paying allow the issuing insurance entity to increase premiums, or alternatively allow the policyholder the option to decrease benefits, with approval by state regulators, should actual experience emerge worse than what was projected when such policies were initially underwritten. As a reinsurer, we rely upon the primary insurers that issued the underlying policies to file proposed premium rate increases on those policies with the relevant state insurance regulators. While we have no direct ability to seek or to institute such premium rate increases, we often collaborate with the primary insurers in accordance with reinsurance contractual terms to file proposed premium rate increases. The amount of times that rate increases have occurred varies by ceding company. We consider recent experience of rate increase filings made by our ceding companies along with state insurance regulatory processes and precedents in establishing our current expectations. Included in Insurance losses and annuity benefits in our Statement of Earnings (Loss) for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, are favorable and unfavorable pre-tax adjustments of $196 million and $(155) million, respectively, from updating the net premium ratio (i.e., the percentage of projected gross premiums required to cover expected policy benefits and related expenses) after updating for actual historical experience each quarter and updating of future cash flow assumptions in the third quarter of each year. Sensitivities. The following table provides sensitivities with respect to the impact of changes of key cash flow assumptions underlying our future policy benefit reserves using the locked-in discount rate assumption and have been estimated across the entire product line rather than at an individual cohort level. As our insurance operations are in run-off, the locked-in discount rate is used for the computation of interest accretion on future policy benefit reserves. Many of our assumptions, which are based on our credible experience, are interdependent and require evaluation individually and in the aggregate across all insurance products. Small changes in the amounts used in the sensitivities could result in materially different outcomes from those reflected below. In addition, the effects of changes to cash flow assumptions underlying our future policy benefit reserves may be partially or wholly reflected in the period in which the assumptions are changed and/or over future periods and may vary across cohorts.

FY 2025 10-K
Added
Filed Jan 29, 2026

2025 FORM 10-K 17 The primary cash flow assumptions used in the annual review include: Morbidity. Morbidity assumptions used in estimating future policy benefit reserves are based on estimates of expected incidences of disability among policyholders and the costs associated with these policyholders asserting claims under their contracts, and these estimates account for any expected future morbidity improvement. For long-term care insurance exposures, estimating expected future costs includes assessments of incidence (probability of a claim), utilization (amount of available benefits expected to be incurred, including the effects of inflation) and continuance (how long the claim will last, including claim terminations due to death or recovery). Rate of Change in Morbidity. Our review incorporates our best estimates of projected future changes in the morbidity rates reflected in our base claim incidence rates. These estimates draw upon a number of inputs, some of which are subjective, and all of which are interpreted and applied in the exercise of professional actuarial judgment in the context of the characteristics specific to our portfolios. This exercise of actuarial judgment considers factors such as the work performed by internal and external independent actuarial experts engaged to advise us in our annual review, the observed actual experience in our portfolios measured against our base assumptions, industry developments, and other trends, including advances in the state of medical care and healthcare technology development. Terminations. Terminations include active life mortality and lapse. Mortality assumptions used in estimating future policy benefit reserves are based on published mortality tables as adjusted for the results of our experience studies and estimates of expected future mortality improvement. Lapse refers to the rate at which the underlying policies are cancelled due to non-payment of premiums by a policyholder. Lapse rate assumptions used in estimating the present value of future policy benefit reserves are based on the results of our experience studies and reflect actuarial judgment. Future long-term care premium rate increases. Substantially all long-term care insurance policies that are currently premium paying allow the issuing insurance entity to increase premiums, or alternatively allow the policyholder the option to decrease benefits, with approval by state regulators, should actual experience emerge worse than what was projected when such policies were initially underwritten. As a reinsurer, we rely upon the primary insurers that issued the underlying policies to file proposed premium rate increases on those policies with the relevant state insurance regulators. While we have no direct ability to seek or to institute such premium rate increases, we often collaborate with the primary insurers in accordance with reinsurance contractual terms to file proposed premium rate increases. The amount of times that rate increases have occurred varies by ceding company. We consider recent experience of rate increase filings made by our ceding companies along with state insurance regulatory processes and precedents in establishing our current expectations. Included in Insurance losses, annuity benefits and other costs in our Statement of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, are unfavorable and favorable pre-tax adjustments of $(107) million and $196 million, respectively, from updating the net premium ratio (i.e., the percentage of projected gross premiums required to cover expected policy benefits and related expenses) after updating for actual historical experience each quarter and updating of future cash flow assumptions in the third quarter of each year. Sensitivities. The following table provides sensitivities with respect to the impact of changes of key cash flow assumptions underlying our future policy benefit reserves using the locked-in discount rate assumption and have been estimated across the entire product line rather than at an individual cohort level. Many of our assumptions, which are based on our credible experience, are interdependent and require evaluation individually and in the aggregate across all insurance products. Small changes in the amounts used in the sensitivities could result in materially different outcomes from those reflected below. In addition, the effects of changes to cash flow assumptions underlying our future policy benefit reserves may be partially or wholly reflected in the period in which the assumptions are changed and/or over future periods and may vary across cohorts.

reworded Long-term care insurance future premium rate increases25% adverse change in success rate on premium rate increase actions not yet approved$200

FY 2024 10-K
Removed
Filed Feb 3, 2025

$1,300 Active life terminations: Long-term care insurance mortality5% reduction in mortality$300 Long-term care insurance future premium rate increases25% adverse change in success rate on premium rate increase actions not yet approved$300

FY 2025 10-K
Added
Filed Jan 29, 2026

$1,200 Active life terminations: Long-term care insurance mortality5% reduction in mortality$300 Long-term care insurance future premium rate increases25% adverse change in success rate on premium rate increase actions not yet approved$200

reworded Less: Insurance revenue (Note 12)3,5333,581

FY 2024 10-K
Removed
Filed Feb 3, 2025

2024 FORM 10-K 21 ADJUSTED REVENUE, OPERATING PROFIT AND PROFIT MARGIN (NON-GAAP)202420232022 Total revenue (GAAP)$38,702$35,348$29,139 Less: Insurance revenue (Note 12)3,5813,3892,957

FY 2025 10-K
Added
Filed Jan 29, 2026

2025 FORM 10-K 19 ADJUSTED REVENUE, OPERATING PROFIT AND PROFIT MARGIN (NON-GAAP)20252024 Total revenue (GAAP)$45,855$38,702 Less: Insurance revenue (Note 12)3,5333,581

reworded (a) See the Corporate & Other and Other Consolidated Information sections for further information.

FY 2024 10-K
Removed
Filed Feb 3, 2025

Operating profit (loss) margin (Non-GAAP)20.7%17.4%16.1% (a) See the Corporate & Other and Other Consolidated Information sections for further information. We believe that adjusting revenue provides management and investors with a more complete understanding of underlying operating results and trends of established, ongoing operations by excluding the effect of revenue from our run-off insurance operations. We believe that adjusting profit to exclude the effects of items that are not closely associated with ongoing operations provides management and investors with a meaningful measure that increases the period-to-period comparability. Gains (losses) and restructuring and other items are impacted by the timing and magnitude of gains associated with dispositions, and the timing and magnitude of costs associated with restructuring and other activities. We also use Adjusted revenue* and Operating profit* as performance metrics at the company level for our annual executive incentive plan for 2024.

FY 2025 10-K
Added
Filed Jan 29, 2026

Operating profit (loss) margin (Non-GAAP)21.4%20.7% (a) See the Corporate & Other and Other Consolidated Information sections for further information. We believe that adjusting revenue provides management and investors with a more complete understanding of underlying operating results and trends of established, ongoing operations by excluding the effect of revenue from our run-off insurance operations. We believe that adjusting profit to exclude the effects of items that are not closely associated with ongoing operations provides management and investors with a meaningful measure that increases the period-to-period comparability. Gains (losses) and restructuring and other items are impacted by the timing and magnitude of gains associated with dispositions, and the timing and magnitude of costs associated with restructuring and other activities. We also use Adjusted revenue* and Operating profit* as performance metrics at the company level for our annual executive incentive plan for 2025.

reworded Cash flows from operating activities (CFOA) (GAAP)$8,543 $5,817

FY 2024 10-K
Removed
Filed Feb 3, 2025

*Non-GAAP Financial Measure 2024 FORM 10-K 23 FREE CASH FLOW (FCF) (NON-GAAP)202420232022 Cash flows from operating activities (CFOA) (GAAP)$5,817 $4,609 $4,027

FY 2025 10-K
Added
Filed Jan 29, 2026

*Non-GAAP Financial Measure 2025 FORM 10-K 21 FREE CASH FLOW (FCF) (NON-GAAP)20252024 Cash flows from operating activities (CFOA) (GAAP)$8,543 $5,817

reworded CYBERSECURITY

FY 2024 10-K
Removed
Filed Feb 3, 2025

24 2024 FORM 10-K CYBERSECURITY. The description in this section reflects GE Aerospace's approach as of December 31, 2024, following the spin-off of GE Vernova in April 2024. CYBERSECURITY RISK MANAGEMENT AND STRATEGY. GE Aerospace has developed and implemented a cybersecurity framework intended to assess, identify and manage risks from threats to the security of our information, systems, products and network using a risk-based approach. The framework is informed in part by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Cybersecurity Framework and International Organization for Standardization 27001 (ISO 27001) Framework, although this does not imply that we meet all technical standards, specifications or requirements under the NIST or ISO 27001. We are also guided by applicable cybersecurity rules, regulations and contractual commitments related to our role as a defense contractor, such as auditing by the Defense Contract Management Agency's Defense Industrial Base Cybersecurity Assessment Center (DIBCAC), the UK Ministry of Defense, and Certified Third Party Assessor Organizations (C3PAO).

FY 2025 10-K
Added
Filed Jan 29, 2026

22 2025 FORM 10-K CYBERSECURITY CYBERSECURITY RISK MANAGEMENT AND STRATEGY. GE Aerospace has developed and implemented a cybersecurity framework intended to assess, identify and manage risks from threats to the security of our information, systems, products and network using a risk-based approach. The framework is informed in part by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Cybersecurity Framework and International Organization for Standardization 27001 (ISO 27001) Framework, although this does not imply that we meet all technical standards, specifications or requirements under the NIST or ISO 27001. We are also guided by applicable cybersecurity rules, regulations and contractual commitments related to our role as a defense contractor, such as auditing or assessment by the Defense Contract Management Agency's Defense Industrial Base Cybersecurity Assessment Center (DIBCAC), a Cybersecurity Maturity Model Certification (CMMC) Certified Third-Party Assessment Organization (C3PAO) and the UK Ministry of Defense.

reworded Our key cybersecurity processes include the following:

FY 2024 10-K
Removed
Filed Feb 3, 2025

Our key cybersecurity processes include the following: •Risk-based controls for information systems and information on GE Aerospace's networks: We seek to maintain an information technology infrastructure that implements physical, administrative and technical controls that are calibrated based on risk and designed to protect the confidentiality, integrity and availability of our information systems and information stored on GE Aerospace's networks, including customer information, personal information, intellectual property and proprietary information. •Cybersecurity incident response plan and testing: We have a cybersecurity incident response plan and dedicated teams to respond to cybersecurity incidents. When a cybersecurity incident occurs or we identify a vulnerability, we have cross-functional teams that are responsible for leading the initial assessment of priority and severity, and external experts may also be engaged as appropriate. GE Aerospace's cybersecurity teams assist in responding to incidents depending on severity levels and seek to improve our cybersecurity incident management plan through periodic tabletops or simulations. •Training: We provide security awareness training to help our employees understand their information protection and cybersecurity responsibilities. We also provide additional role-based training to some employees based on customer requirements, regulatory obligations and industry risks. •Supplier risk assessments: We have implemented a third-party risk management process that includes expectations regarding information and cybersecurity. That process, among other things, provides for GE Aerospace to perform cybersecurity assessments on certain suppliers based on an assessment of their risk profile and a related rating process. GE Aerospace also seeks contractual commitments from key suppliers to appropriately secure and maintain their information technology systems and protect any GE Aerospace information and network access that is provided to them. •Third-party assessments of GE Aerospace: We have third-party cybersecurity companies engaged to periodically assess GE Aerospace's cybersecurity posture, to assist in identifying and remediating risks from cybersecurity threats. We also consider cybersecurity, along with other top risks for GE Aerospace, within our enterprise risk management framework. The enterprise risk management framework includes internal reporting at the business and enterprise levels, with consideration of key risk indicators, trends and countermeasures for cybersecurity and other types of significant risks. In the last fiscal year, we have not identified risks from known cybersecurity threats, including as a result of any prior cybersecurity incidents, that have materially affected us, including our operations, business strategy, results of operations, cash flow or financial condition. We face certain ongoing risks from cybersecurity threats-including heightened threats in connection with the separation of GE HealthCare and GE Vernova-that, if realized, are reasonably likely to materially affect us, including our operations, business strategy, results of operations, financial condition or cash flows. Refer to the Risk Factors section (Cybersecurity - Increased cybersecurity requirements, vulnerabilities, threats and more sophisticated and targeted computer crime, as well as cybersecurity failures, pose risk to our systems, networks, products, solutions, services and data.) for additional information about these risks. CYBERSECURITY GOVERNANCE. The Audit Committee of the GE Aerospace Board of Directors is responsible for board-level oversight of cybersecurity risk, and the Audit Committee reports back to the full Board about this and other areas within its responsibility. As part of its oversight role, the Audit Committee receives reporting about GE Aerospace's practices, programs, notable threats or incidents and other developments related to cybersecurity throughout the year, including through periodic updates from GE Aerospace's Chief Information Officer (CIO) and Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) on cyber threats and our cybersecurity risk management strategy. The Audit Committee also receives information about cybersecurity risks as part of GE Aerospace's enterprise risk management framework and reporting. GE Aerospace's management team is ultimately responsible for assessing and managing risks from cybersecurity threats, and in this regard, the CIO and CISO lead the Company's overall cybersecurity function and cybersecurity leadership team. The CIO has over 25 years of experience in the information technology (IT) field and leads the IT strategy and services supporting the Company's global operation. The CISO has over 25 years of experience focused on global information assurance and cyber security programs. The cybersecurity leadership team meets with senior management to review and discuss GE Aerospace's cybersecurity program, including emerging cyber risks, threats and industry trends. The cybersecurity leadership team also assists management in supervising efforts to prevent, detect, mitigate, and remediate cybersecurity risks and incidents through various means, including by collaborating with internal security personnel and business stakeholders, and incorporating threat intelligence and other information obtained from governmental, public or private sources to inform our cybersecurity technologies and processes.

FY 2025 10-K
Added
Filed Jan 29, 2026

Our key cybersecurity processes include the following: •Risk-based controls for information systems and information on GE Aerospace's networks: We seek to maintain an information technology infrastructure that implements physical, administrative and technical controls that are calibrated based on risk and designed to protect the confidentiality, integrity and availability of our information systems and information stored on GE Aerospace's networks, including customer information, personal information, intellectual property and proprietary information. •Cybersecurity incident response plan and testing: We have a cybersecurity incident response plan and dedicated teams to respond to cybersecurity incidents. When a cybersecurity incident occurs or we identify a vulnerability, we have cross-functional teams that are responsible for leading the initial assessment of priority and severity, and external experts may also be engaged as appropriate. GE Aerospace's cybersecurity teams respond to incidents and seek to improve our cybersecurity incident management plan through periodic tabletops or simulations. •Training: We provide security awareness training to help our employees understand their information protection and cybersecurity responsibilities. We also provide additional role-based training to some employees based on customer requirements, regulatory obligations and industry risks. •Supplier risk assessments: We have implemented a third-party risk management process that includes expectations regarding information and cybersecurity. That process, among other things, provides for GE Aerospace to perform cybersecurity assessments on certain suppliers based on an assessment of their risk profile and a related rating process. GE Aerospace also seeks contractual commitments from suppliers that provide key services or have access to sensitive GE Aerospace information and/or systems to appropriately secure and maintain their information technology systems and protect any GE Aerospace information and network access that is provided to them. •Third-party service providers: We have third-party cybersecurity companies engaged to periodically assess GE Aerospace's cybersecurity posture, to assist in identifying and remediating risks from cybersecurity threats, and to assist with various incident response workstreams. We also consider cybersecurity, along with other top risks for GE Aerospace, within our enterprise risk management framework. The enterprise risk management framework includes internal reporting at the business and enterprise levels, with consideration of key risk indicators, trends and countermeasures for cybersecurity and other types of significant risks. In the last fiscal year, we have not identified risks from known cybersecurity threats, including as a result of any prior cybersecurity incidents, that have materially affected us, including our operations, business strategy, results of operations, cash flow or financial condition. We face certain ongoing risks from cybersecurity threats-including heightened threats in connection with the separation of GE Vernova-that, if realized, are reasonably likely to materially affect us, including our operations, business strategy, results of operations, financial condition or cash flows. Refer to the Risk Factors section (Cybersecurity - Increased cybersecurity requirements, vulnerabilities, threats and more sophisticated and targeted computer crime, as well as cybersecurity failures, pose risk to our systems, networks, products, solutions, services and data.) for additional information about these risks. CYBERSECURITY GOVERNANCE. The Audit Committee of the GE Aerospace Board of Directors is responsible for board-level oversight of cybersecurity risk, and the Audit Committee reports back to the full Board about this and other areas within its responsibility. As part of its oversight role, the Audit Committee receives reporting about GE Aerospace's practices, programs, notable threats or incidents and other developments related to cybersecurity throughout the year, including through periodic updates from GE Aerospace's Chief Information Officer (CIO) and Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) on cyber threats and our cybersecurity risk management strategy. The Audit Committee also receives information about cybersecurity risks as part of GE Aerospace's enterprise risk management framework and reporting. GE Aerospace's management team is ultimately responsible for assessing and managing risks from cybersecurity threats, and in this regard, the CIO leads the Company's overall cybersecurity function and cybersecurity leadership team. The CIO has extensive experience in the information technology (IT) field and leads the IT strategy and services supporting the Company's global operation. The CISO has substantial IT experience in the aerospace industry with many years focused on global data protection and cyber security programs. The cybersecurity leadership team meets with senior management to review and discuss GE Aerospace's cybersecurity program, including emerging cyber risks, threats and industry trends. The cybersecurity leadership team also assists management in supervising efforts to prevent, detect, mitigate, and remediate cybersecurity risks and incidents through various means, including by collaborating with internal security personnel and business stakeholders, and incorporating threat intelligence and other information obtained from governmental, public or private sources to inform our cybersecurity technologies and processes.

reworded 2025 FORM 10-K 23

FY 2024 10-K
Removed
Filed Feb 3, 2025

2024 FORM 10-K 25 RISK FACTORS. The following discussion of the material factors, events and uncertainties that may make an investment in the Company speculative or risky contains "forward-looking statements," as discussed in the Forward-Looking Statements section. These risk factors may be important to understanding any statement in this report or elsewhere. The risks described below should not be considered a complete list of potential risks that we face, and additional risks not currently known to us or that we currently consider immaterial may also negatively impact us. The following information should be read in conjunction with the MD&A section and the consolidated financial statements and related notes. The risks we describe in this report or in our other SEC filings could, in ways we may not be able to accurately predict, recognize or control, have a material adverse effect on our business, reputation, financial position, results of operations, cash flows and stock price, and they could cause our future results to be materially different than we presently anticipate. STRATEGIC RISKS. Strategic risk relates to the Company's future business plans and strategies, including the risks associated with the global macro-environment; dynamics in the commercial aviation sector; competitive threats; the demand for our products and services and the success of our investments in technology and innovation; impacts of government spending, programs and contracts; climate change; our recent spin-offs; capital allocation decisions; acquisitions, dispositions, joint ventures and other inorganic investments; intellectual property; and other risks. Global macro-environment - Our financial performance and growth are subject to risks related to global economic, political and geopolitical developments or other disruptions to the economy or our business sectors. We serve customers in many countries around the world and receive a significant portion of our revenue from outside the United States. Accordingly, our operations and execution are subject to the effects of global economic trends, geopolitical risks and demand or supply shocks from events such as war or international conflict, a major terrorist attack, natural disasters or actual or threatened public health pandemics or other emergencies. Our operations and performance are also affected by local and regional economic environments, supply chain constraints and policies in the U.S. and other markets that we serve, including factors such as inflationary pressures in many markets, interest rates, economic growth rates, the availability of skilled labor, monetary policy, exchange rates, currency volatility, commodity prices and sovereign debt levels. For example, inflationary or other pressures that cause our material or labor costs to increase can adversely affect our profitability and cash flows, particularly when we are unable to increase customer contract values or pricing to offset those pressures. Deterioration of economic conditions or outlooks, such as lower rates of investment, lower economic growth, recession or fears of recession in the U.S., China, Europe or other key markets, may adversely affect the demand for or profitability of our products and services, and the impact from developments outside the U.S. on our business performance can be significant given the extent of our global activities. Increased geopolitical tensions and outbreaks of armed conflict can also adversely impact our business, both directly or by adversely affecting economic activity globally or in particular regions or countries. For example, Russia's invasion of Ukraine in early 2022 and related political and economic consequences, such as sanctions and other measures imposed by the European Union, the U.S. and other countries and organizations in response, have caused and may continue to cause disruption and instability in global markets, supply chains and industries that negatively impact our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows and pose reputational risks. More recently, there is risk of wider conflict in the Middle East that could have significant adverse impacts on the region and business activity in addition to the humanitarian and other consequences of the current conflict. Further, political changes and trends such as populism, protectionism, economic nationalism and sentiment toward multinational companies, as well as tariffs, export controls, restrictions on outbound investment or other trade barriers, sanctions, technical or local content regulations, currency controls or changes to tax or other laws and policies, have been and may continue to be disruptive and costly to our business. These can interfere with our global operating model, supply chain, production costs, customer relationships and competitive position. Escalation of tariffs or any other specific trade tensions, including intensified decoupling between the U.S. and China, or in global trade conflict more broadly could be harmful to global economic growth or to our business in or with China or other countries. In addition, market uncertainty and volatility in various geographies may be magnified as a result of potential shifts in U.S. and foreign trade, economic and other policies following the recent U.S. elections. We also do business in emerging market jurisdictions where economic, political and legal risks are heightened and the operating environments are complex.

FY 2025 10-K
Added
Filed Jan 29, 2026

2025 FORM 10-K 23 RISK FACTORS. The following discussion of the material factors, events and uncertainties that may make an investment in the Company speculative or risky contains "forward-looking statements," as discussed in the Forward-Looking Statements section. These risk factors may be important to understanding any statement in this report or elsewhere. The risks described below should not be considered a complete list of potential risks that we face, and additional risks not currently known to us or that we currently consider immaterial may also negatively impact us. The following information should be read in conjunction with the MD&A section and the consolidated financial statements and related notes. The risks we describe in this report or in our other SEC filings could, in ways we may not be able to accurately predict, recognize or control, have a material adverse effect on our business, reputation, financial position, results of operations, cash flows and stock price, and they could cause our future results to be materially different than we presently anticipate. STRATEGIC RISKS. Strategic risk relates to the Company's future business plans and strategies, including the risks associated with the global macro-environment; dynamics in the commercial aviation sector; competitive threats; the demand for our products and services and the success of our investments in technology and innovation; impacts of government spending, programs and contracts; climate and environmental factors; the GE spin-offs; capital allocation decisions; acquisitions, dispositions, joint ventures and other inorganic investments; intellectual property; and other risks. Global macro-environment - Our financial performance and growth are subject to risks related to global economic, political and geopolitical developments or other disruptions to the economy or our business. We serve customers in many countries around the world and receive a significant portion of our revenue from outside the United States. Accordingly, our operations and execution are subject to the effects of global economic trends, geopolitical risks and demand or supply shocks from events such as war or international conflict, a major terrorist attack, natural disasters or actual or threatened public health pandemics or other emergencies. Political developments or policy shifts in areas such as tariffs, export controls, including restrictions on rare earth minerals or other trade barriers, sanctions, technical or local content regulations, currency controls, global tax laws or other laws and policies, have been and may continue to be disruptive and costly to our business. These can interfere with our global operating model, supply chain, production costs, customer relationships and competitive position. Escalation of tariffs or any other specific trade tensions, including intensified decoupling between the U.S. and China, or in global trade conflict more broadly could be harmful to global economic growth or to our business in or with China or other countries. Our operations and performance are also affected by local and regional economic environments, supply chain constraints and policies in the U.S. and other markets that we serve, including factors such as inflationary pressures, interest rates, economic growth rates, the availability of skilled labor, monetary policy, exchange rates, currency volatility, commodity prices and sovereign debt levels. For example, inflationary or other pressures that cause our material or labor costs to increase can adversely affect our profitability and cash flows, particularly when we are unable to increase customer contract values or pricing to offset those pressures. Deterioration of economic conditions or outlooks, such as lower rates of investment, lower economic growth, recession or fears of recession in the U.S., Europe, China or other key markets, may adversely affect the demand for or profitability of our products and services, and the impact from developments outside the U.S. on our business performance can be significant given the extent of our global activities. Increased geopolitical tensions and outbreaks of armed conflict, as well as sanctions or other measures imposed in response, have in the past and in the future may cause disruption and instability in global markets, particular regions or countries, supply chains or commercial activity that adversely impact our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows and pose reputational risks. In addition, market uncertainty and volatility in various geographies may be magnified as a result of shifts in trade, economic and other policies. We also do business in emerging market jurisdictions where economic, political and legal risks are heightened and the operating environments are complex.

reworded our products and services, which could have a material adverse effect on our competitive position, results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.

FY 2024 10-K
Removed
Filed Feb 3, 2025

Government programs and contracts - Our defense business is subject to risks from changes in government spending that can adversely affect our business strategy or financial performance, in addition to risks related to regulations and compliance with government contracts. Our defense business is heavily influenced by the spending and policy actions of the U.S. federal government, as well as allied governments that rely on U.S. suppliers to provide products and services important to their national defense. Changes in U.S. or other government defense spending, including as a result of potential changes in policy or budgetary positions or priorities, in connection with the recent U.S. elections or otherwise, can negatively impact the results and growth prospects of our defense business. U.S. defense spending levels are difficult to predict and may be impacted by numerous factors such as the evolving nature of the national security threat environment, U.S. national security strategy, U.S. foreign policy, the domestic political environment, macroeconomic conditions and the ability of the U.S. government to enact relevant legislation such as authorization and appropriations bills. Changes in government priorities and funding related to the future of combat, such as greater reliance on uncrewed aircraft systems, could also adversely affect the demand for our defense products and services. In addition, government customers often may modify, curtail or terminate their contracts and subcontracts with us either at their convenience or for default based on performance. The termination of one or more of our government contracts, or the occurrence of performance delays, cost overruns (due to inflation or otherwise), product failures, shortages in materials, components or labor, or other failures to perform to customer expectations and contract requirements could negatively impact our reputation, competitive position and financial results. In addition, our government contracts are subject to extensive procurement regulations, and new regulations or changes to existing requirements could increase our compliance costs. We are also subject to U.S. and other government inquiries and investigations, including periodic audits of our quality systems, manufacturing operations, and costs that we determine are allowable or reimbursable under government contracts. Failure to comply with provisions of our government contracts or other applicable laws and regulations could lead to civil or criminal enforcement under the U.S. False Claims Act or similar enforcement legislation, including potentially significant financial penalties, suspension or debarment against new business and reputational harm. Climate change - Our business and financial performance may be adversely affected by climate change impacts, including changes in regulations, customer demand, technologies and extreme weather. Our business may be impacted by climate change and governmental and industry actions taken in response, which present a variety of risks to our business and financial results. Changes in environmental and climate-related laws or regulations, including regulations on greenhouse gas emissions caps, carbon

FY 2025 10-K
Added
Filed Jan 29, 2026

Government programs and contracts - Our business is subject to risks from changes in government spending and policies that can adversely affect our business strategy or financial performance, in addition to risks related to regulations and compliance with government contracts. Our defense business is heavily influenced by the spending and policy actions of the U.S. federal government, as well as allied governments that rely on U.S. suppliers to provide products and services important to their national defense. Changes in U.S. or other government defense spending, including as a result of changes in policy, budgetary positions or priorities in connection with elections or otherwise, can negatively impact the results and growth prospects of our defense business. U.S. defense spending levels are difficult to predict and may be impacted by numerous factors such as the evolving nature of the national security threat environment, U.S. national security strategy, U.S. foreign policy, the domestic political environment, macroeconomic conditions and the ability of the U.S. government to enact relevant legislation such as authorization and appropriations bills. Changes in government priorities and funding related to the future of combat, such as greater reliance on uncrewed aircraft systems, could also adversely affect the demand for our defense products and services. In addition, government customers often may modify, curtail or terminate their contracts and subcontracts with us either at their convenience or for default based on performance. The termination of one or more of our government contracts, or the occurrence of performance delays, cost overruns (due to inflation or otherwise), product failures, shortages in materials, components or labor, or other failures to perform to customer expectations and contract requirements could negatively impact our reputation, competitive position and financial results and under new policies could require changes to our investment plans, capital allocation or executive compensation. In addition, our government contracts are subject to extensive procurement regulations, and new regulations or changes to existing requirements could increase our compliance costs. We are also subject to U.S. and other government inquiries and investigations that can arise in connection with internal or external audits regarding our quality systems, manufacturing operations, costs that we determine are allowable or reimbursable under government contracts or other matters. Failure to comply with provisions of our government contracts or other applicable laws and regulations can lead to civil or criminal enforcement under the U.S. False Claims Act or similar enforcement legislation, including potentially significant financial penalties, suspension or debarment against new business and reputational harm. Climate and environmental factors - Our business and financial performance may be adversely affected by climate and environmental factors, including changes in regulations, customer demand, technologies and extreme weather. Environmental and climate-related laws or regulations, including regulations on greenhouse gas emissions caps, carbon pricing and taxes, energy taxes, product fuel efficiency standards and mandatory disclosure obligations, as well as industry actions in response, continue to evolve and reflect a range of views among global regulators and other stakeholders; these may present risks to our business and financial results and increase our operational and compliance expenditures and those of our customers and suppliers. In addition, we

reworded our products and services, which could have a material adverse effect on our competitive position, results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.

FY 2024 10-K
Removed
Filed Feb 3, 2025

26 2024 FORM 10-K when any new product is ready to enter into service. We also have dependencies on our suppliers and partners for commercial engine programs to develop, manufacture and service their share of an engine, and on the major airframers that we supply to timely and successfully develop, certify and commercialize aircraft that utilize our engines as well as to successfully sell those aircraft against aircraft powered by our competitors. A reduction in spending in the commercial aviation sector, or challenges for key industry participants, could have a significant effect on the demand for our products and services, which could have a material adverse effect on our competitive position, results of operations, financial condition or cash flows. Competitive environment - We are dependent on the maintenance of existing product lines and service relationships, acceptance by our customers of new product and service introductions, competitive pricing and other terms, and technology and innovation leadership for revenue and earnings growth. The segments in which we operate are highly competitive in terms of pricing, product and service quality, product development and entry into service, product durability, customer service, financing terms, the ability to respond to shifts in market demand and the ability to attract and retain skilled talent. Our long-term operating results and competitive position also depend substantially upon our ability to continue to improve or upgrade current products and services, to maintain long-term customer relationships and to increase our productivity over time as we perform on long-term service agreements, as well as our ability to develop, introduce, and market new and innovative technology, products, services and platforms, such as the RISE program suite of technologies. In addition, the research and development cycle involved in bringing new products to market is often lengthy, it is inherently difficult to predict the economic conditions or competitive dynamics that will exist when any new product is complete, and our investments, to the extent they result in bringing a product to market, may generate weaker returns than we anticipated at the outset. Our capacity to invest in research and development efforts to advance our technologies, products and services also depends on the financial resources that we have available for such investment relative to other capital allocation priorities. Under-investment in research and development, or investment in technologies that prove to be less competitive in the future (at the expense of alternative investment opportunities not pursued), could lead to loss of sales of our products or services in the future due to the long product development cycles in our business. The amounts that we do invest in research and development efforts may not lead to the development of new technologies or products on a timely basis or meet the needs of our customers as fully as competitive offerings, and we may face impairment charges for contract fulfillment costs that are capitalized as nonrecurring engineering costs if we determine recovery of the costs is not probable (see Note 1). Our business is also subject to technological change and advances, such as growth in industrial automation and increased digitization of the operations, infrastructure and solutions that customers demand. In addition, our use of emerging and evolving technologies such as artificial intelligence and machine learning, which we expect to increase over time, presents business, reputational, legal and compliance risks related to data sourcing, design flaws, integration issues, security threats, privacy protections and the ability to develop sufficient protection measures. Artificial intelligence technologies have rapidly developed and our business may be adversely affected if we cannot successfully integrate these technologies into our business processes and product and service offerings in a timely, cost-effective, compliant and responsible manner. The introduction of innovative and disruptive technologies in the segments in which we operate also poses risks in the form of new competitors, market consolidation, substitutions of existing products, services or solutions, niche players, new business models and competitors that are faster to market with new or more cost-effective products or services. Existing and new competitors offer parts or services for our installed base, and if the customers that purchase our products and services select our competitors or we otherwise fail to maintain or renew service relationships, this can erode our revenue and profitability.

FY 2025 10-K
Added
Filed Jan 29, 2026

24 2025 FORM 10-K our products and services, which could have a material adverse effect on our competitive position, results of operations, financial condition or cash flows. Competitive environment - We are dependent on the maintenance of existing product lines and service relationships, acceptance by our customers of new product and service introductions, competitive pricing and other terms, and technology and innovation leadership for revenue and earnings growth. The segments in which we, other engine manufacturers and airframers operate, are highly competitive in terms of pricing, product and service quality, product development and entry into service, product durability, customer service, financing terms, the ability to respond to shifts in market demand and the ability to attract and retain skilled talent at all levels, including senior leadership. Our long-term operating results and competitive position depend substantially upon our ability to continue to improve or upgrade current products and services, to have our engines power leading existing and new aircraft platforms, to cultivate, maintain and grow long-term customer relationships and to increase our productivity over time as we perform on long-term service agreements. Our competitive position and success also depend on our ability to develop, introduce, and market new and innovative technology, products, services and platforms, such as the RISE program suite of technologies. The research and development cycle involved in bringing new products to market is often lengthy, it is inherently difficult to predict the economic conditions or competitive dynamics that will exist when any new product is complete, and our investments, to the extent they result in bringing a product to market, may generate weaker returns than we anticipated at the outset. Our capacity to invest in research and development efforts to advance our technologies, products and services, or to otherwise invest in emerging technologies or partner with other industry players, also depends on the financial resources that we have available for such investment relative to other capital allocation priorities. Under-investment in research and development and innovation, or investment in technologies that prove to be less competitive in the future (at the expense of alternative investment opportunities not pursued), could lead to loss of sales of our products or services in the future due to the long product development cycles in our business. The amounts that we do invest in research and development efforts may not lead to the development of new technologies or products on a timely basis or meet the needs of our customers as fully as competitive offerings, and we may face impairment charges for contract fulfillment costs that are capitalized as nonrecurring engineering costs if we determine recovery of the costs is not probable (see Note 1). Our business is also subject to technological change and advances, such as growth in industrial automation and increased digitization. In addition, our use of emerging and evolving technologies such as artificial intelligence and machine learning, which we expect to continue to increase over time, presents business, reputational and legal and compliance risks, including risks related to data sourcing, design flaws, integration issues, security threats, privacy protections and the ability to develop sufficient protection measures. Artificial intelligence technologies are rapidly developing, and our business may be adversely affected if we cannot successfully integrate these technologies into our business processes and product and service offerings in a timely, cost-effective, compliant and responsible manner. The introduction of innovative and disruptive technologies in the segments in which we operate also poses risks in the form of new competitors, market consolidation, substitutions of existing products, services or solutions, niche players, new business models and competitors that are faster to market with new or more cost-effective products or services. Existing and new competitors offer parts or services for our installed base, and if the customers that purchase our products and services select our competitors or we otherwise fail to maintain or renew service relationships, this can erode our revenue and profitability.

reworded January 29, 2026

FY 2024 10-K
Removed
Filed Feb 3, 2025

/s/ H. Lawrence Culp, Jr./s/ Rahul Ghai H. Lawrence Culp, Jr.Rahul Ghai Chairman and Chief Executive OfficerChief Financial Officer February 3, 2025 DISCLOSURE CONTROLS. Under the direction of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we evaluated our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting and concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of December 31, 2024. There have been no changes in the Company's internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended December 31, 2024, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, its internal control over financial reporting.

FY 2025 10-K
Added
Filed Jan 29, 2026

/s/ H. Lawrence Culp, Jr./s/ Rahul Ghai H. Lawrence Culp, Jr.Rahul Ghai Chairman and Chief Executive OfficerChief Financial Officer January 29, 2026 DISCLOSURE CONTROLS. Under the direction of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we evaluated our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting and concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of December 31, 2025. There have been no changes in the Company's internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended December 31, 2025, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, its internal control over financial reporting.

reworded Opinion on the Financial Statements

FY 2024 10-K
Removed
Filed Feb 3, 2025

Opinion on the Financial Statements We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of financial position of General Electric Company (operating as GE Aerospace) and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of December 31, 2024, and 2023, the related consolidated statements of earnings (loss), comprehensive income (loss), changes in shareholders' equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2024, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the "financial statements"). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2024, and 2023, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2024, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated February 3, 2025, expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting.

FY 2025 10-K
Added
Filed Jan 29, 2026

Opinion on the Financial Statements We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of financial position of General Electric Company (operating as GE Aerospace) and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of December 31, 2025, and 2024, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss), changes in shareholders' equity, and cash flows, for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2025, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the "financial statements"). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2025, and 2024, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2025, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2025, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated January 29, 2026, expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting.

  symbology.online · text diffs 

Side-by-side against the prior Risk Factors.

Risk Factors

7 changes
escalated §1A.0 The current period explicitly adds detail regarding dependencies on suppliers and partners for commercial engine programs and major airframers, while also updating the risk factor list to specifically mention regulatory certification timing and environmental regulations and related impacts.

FY 2024 10-K
Removed
Filed Feb 3, 2025

Commercial aviation sector - Our financial performance is dependent on the condition of the commercial aviation sector and our partners, suppliers and customers in that sector. A substantial portion of our business is directly tied to economic conditions in the commercial aviation sector, which has historically been cyclical in nature. Capital spending and demand for aircraft engines, aviation products and aftermarket parts and services by commercial airlines, lessors, other aircraft owners or operators and airframers are influenced by a wide variety of factors, including current and predicted traffic levels, passenger and cargo load factors, aircraft fuel prices, labor costs and other issues, airline consolidation, bankruptcies and restructuring activities, competition, the retirement of older aircraft, changes in production schedules, production capabilities and capacities of airframers, regulatory oversight and changes, environmental regulations, terrorism and related security concerns, aircraft safety incidents, general economic conditions, tightening of credit in financial markets, corporate profitability, cost reduction efforts and remaining performance obligations levels. Any of these factors could have a negative impact on new orders or on our agreements for the sale of our products and services given the long-term nature of those arrangements and could reduce our sales and profit margins. Other factors, including future terrorist actions, aviation safety concerns, public health crises or major natural disasters, could also dramatically reduce the demand for commercial air travel, which could negatively impact our sales and profit margins. Supply chain capacity shortfalls and disruptions, including for new parts and services, continue to pose challenges and risks for our business as well as other industry participants. Developments that reduce the flying public's demand for travel could adversely affect future growth in commercial air traffic capacity and the demand for or profitability of our products and services. Additionally, because a substantial portion of product deliveries to commercial aviation customers are scheduled for delivery in the future, changes in economic conditions can cause customers to request that orders be rescheduled or canceled. Spare parts sales and aftermarket service trends are affected by similar factors, including usage, pricing, technological improvements, regulatory changes and the retirement of older aircraft. Furthermore, because of the lengthy research and development cycle involved in bringing new engine platforms and other products to market, we cannot predict the economic conditions that will exist

FY 2025 10-K
Added
Filed Jan 29, 2026

Commercial aviation sector - Our financial performance is dependent on the condition of the commercial aviation sector and our partners, suppliers and customers in that sector. A substantial portion of our business is directly tied to economic conditions in the commercial aviation sector, which has historically been cyclical in nature. Capital spending and demand for aircraft engines, aviation products and aftermarket parts and services by commercial airlines, lessors, other aircraft owners or operators and airframers are influenced by a wide variety of factors, including current and predicted traffic levels, passenger and cargo load factors, aircraft fuel prices, labor costs and other issues, airline consolidation, bankruptcies and restructuring activities, competition, the retirement of older aircraft, changes in production schedules, production capabilities and capacities of airframers, regulatory oversight and changes, regulatory certification timing, environmental regulations and related impacts, terrorism and related security concerns, aircraft safety incidents, general economic conditions (including inflationary pressures and new or increased tariffs), tightening of credit in financial markets, corporate profitability, cost reduction efforts and remaining performance obligation levels. Any of these factors could have a negative impact on new orders or on agreements for the sale of our products and services given the long-term nature of those arrangements and could reduce our sales and profit margins. Other factors, including future terrorist actions, aviation safety concerns, public health crises or major natural disasters, could also dramatically reduce the demand for commercial air travel, which could negatively impact our sales and profit margins. We also have dependencies on our suppliers and partners for commercial engine programs to develop, manufacture and service engine parts and components, and on the major airframers that we supply to timely and successfully develop, certify, commercialize and sell aircraft powered by our engines. Supply chain capacity shortfalls and disruptions, including for new parts and services, continue to pose challenges and risks for our business as well as other industry participants. Developments that reduce the flying public's demand for travel could adversely affect future growth in commercial air traffic capacity and the demand for or profitability of our products and services. Additionally, because a substantial portion of product deliveries to commercial aviation customers are scheduled for delivery in the future, changes in economic conditions can cause customers to request that orders be rescheduled or canceled. Spare parts sales and aftermarket service trends are affected by similar factors, including usage, pricing, new product offerings, technological improvements, regulatory changes and the retirement of older aircraft. Furthermore, because of the lengthy research and development cycle involved in bringing new engine platforms and other products to market, we cannot predict the economic conditions that will exist when any new product is ready to enter into service. A reduction in spending in the commercial aviation sector, or challenges for key industry participants, could have a significant effect on the demand for

de-emphasised 2025 FORM 10-K 25 The disclosure regarding the spin-offs was updated to specifically address the risk that the completed GE HealthCare and GE Vernova separation transactions could be determined to be taxable, which would result in a significant tax liability for the Company and independent companies. The intellectual property section contained only minor wording changes without altering the substance of the risks described.

FY 2024 10-K
Removed
Filed Feb 3, 2025

28 2024 FORM 10-K independent companies might incur income tax liabilities. In addition, the Company may not achieve the anticipated benefits of the GE Vernova and GE HealthCare separations and may be exposed to additional risks, including potential liabilities pursuant to agreements entered into in connection with the spin-offs, the credit support provided to GE Vernova (see the Other Items - GE Vernova Parent Company Guarantees section within MD&A) and the various restructuring and business transformation actions that have brought changes across the Company's organizational structure, senior leadership, functional alignment, outsourcing and other areas. Any of these risks could result in a material adverse effect on the Company's business, reputation, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows. Intellectual property - Our intellectual property portfolio may not prevent others from independently developing products and services comparable or competitive to ours, and we may be negatively impacted by intellectual property enforcement or external dependencies. Our patents and other intellectual property may not prevent others from independently developing or selling products and services comparable or competitive to ours, and there can be no assurance that the resources invested by us to protect our intellectual property will be sufficient to adequately deter infringement, misappropriation or other improper use of our technology, particularly in certain markets outside the U.S. where strong intellectual property protection mechanisms are lacking. Trademark licenses of the GE brand in connection with dispositions, including in connection with the separations of GE HealthCare and GE Vernova into independent companies, may negatively impact the overall value of the brand in the future. We also face potential competition in countries where we have not invested in a patent portfolio. If we are not able to protect our intellectual property, the value of our brand and other intangible assets may be diminished, and our business may be adversely affected. We also face attempts, both internally from insider threats and externally from cyber-attacks, to gain unauthorized access to our IT systems or products for the purpose of improperly acquiring our trade secrets or confidential business information. In addition, we have observed an increase in the use of social engineering tactics by bad actors attempting to access systems storing certain of our trade secrets and other confidential business information. The theft or unauthorized use or publication of our trade secrets or other confidential business information as a result of such incidents could adversely affect our competitive position and the value of certain of our investments in research and development. In addition, we are subject to the enforcement of patents and other apparent intellectual property rights by third parties, including aggressive and opportunistic enforcement claims by non-practicing entities. Regardless of their merit, responding to such claims can be expensive and time-consuming. We also may be found to infringe third-party rights, which could result in us being enjoined from offering some of our products and services or bringing to market new products and services, and require us to pay substantial damages. The value of, or our ability to use, our intellectual property may also be negatively impacted by dependencies on third parties, such as our ability to obtain or renew on reasonable terms, or at all, licenses that we need in the future, or our ability to secure or retain ownership or rights to use data in certain software analytics or services offerings. OPERATIONAL RISKS. Operational risk relates to risks arising from systems, processes, people and external events that affect the operation of our business. It includes risks related to product safety, quality and performance; supply chain and business disruption; operational execution across product and service life cycles; and information management and data protection and security, including cybersecurity.

FY 2025 10-K
Added
Filed Jan 29, 2026

GE spin-offs - The completed GE HealthCare and GE Vernova separations entail certain risks and potential liabilities, including the risk that one or both is determined to be a taxable transaction. The GE HealthCare and GE Vernova separations were effected through spin-offs that were intended to be tax-free for the Company and its shareholders for U.S. federal income tax purposes. If either of the GE HealthCare or GE Vernova separation transactions were ultimately determined to be taxable, the Company would incur a significant tax liability, and the distributions to the Company's shareholders would become taxable and the independent companies might incur income tax liabilities. In addition, the Company may be exposed to additional risks, including potential liabilities pursuant to agreements entered into in connection with the spin-offs, the credit support provided to GE Vernova in the event that GE Vernova is unable to perform the underlying obligations (see Note 24) and the various restructuring and business transformation actions that have brought changes across the Company's organizational structure, senior leadership, functional alignment, outsourcing and other areas. Any of these risks could result in a material adverse effect on the Company's business, reputation, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows. Intellectual property - Our intellectual property portfolio may not prevent others from independently developing products and services comparable or competitive to ours, and we may be negatively impacted by intellectual property enforcement or external dependencies. Our patents and other intellectual property may not prevent others from independently developing or selling products and services comparable or competitive to ours, and there can be no assurance that the resources invested by us to protect our intellectual property will be sufficient to adequately prevent infringement, misappropriation or other improper use of our technology, particularly in certain markets outside the U.S. where strong intellectual property protection mechanisms are lacking. Trademark licenses of the GE brand in connection with dispositions, including in connection with the separations of GE HealthCare and GE Vernova, may negatively impact the overall value of the brand in the future. We also face potential competition in countries where our patent portfolio may be insufficient to protect against infringement in the markets in which we operate. If we are not able to protect or enforce our intellectual property rights, the value of our brand and other intangible assets may be diminished, and our business may be adversely affected. We also face attempts, both internally from insider threats and externally from cyber-attacks, to gain unauthorized access to our IT systems or products for the purpose of improperly acquiring our trade secrets or other confidential, proprietary information. In addition, we have observed an increase in the use of social engineering tactics by bad actors attempting to access systems storing certain of our trade secrets and other confidential, proprietary information. The theft or unauthorized use or publication of our trade secrets or other confidential, proprietary information as a result of such incidents could adversely affect our competitive

de-emphasised 26 2025 FORM 10-K The description of potential disruptions was updated to specifically clarify that governmental, legislative or regulatory actions include "international trade controls or other restrictions on the use of particular materials or suppliers." Additionally, the risk related to sole-source suppliers was expanded to include their viability.

FY 2024 10-K
Removed
Filed Feb 3, 2025

2024 FORM 10-K 29 Supply chain - Significant input shortages, supplier capacity constraints, supplier or customer production disruptions, supplier quality and sourcing issues or price increases have increased, and may continue to increase, our operating costs and can adversely impact the competitive positions of our products. Our reliance on third-party suppliers, partners, contract manufacturers and service providers and on commodity markets to secure raw materials, parts, components and sub-systems used in our products exposes us to volatility in the prices and availability of these materials, parts, components, systems and services. As our supply chains are complex and extend into many different countries and regions around the world, we are also subject to global economic and geopolitical dynamics and risks associated with exporting components manufactured in particular countries for incorporation into finished products completed in other countries. We operate in a supply-constrained environment and are facing, and may continue to face, supply-chain shortages, inflationary pressures, shortages of skilled labor, transportation and logistics challenges and manufacturing disruptions that impact our revenue, profitability and timeliness in fulfilling customer orders. We anticipate supply chain pressures across our business will continue to challenge and adversely affect our operations and financial performance for some period of time. For example, successfully executing the significant production and delivery ramp efforts in connection with the growth of newer engine platforms such as the LEAP depends in part on our suppliers having access to the materials, skilled labor and production capacity they require and making timely deliveries to us, as well as meeting the required safety, quality and performance standards for commercial and military aviation. In addition, some of our suppliers or their sub-suppliers are limited- or sole-source suppliers, and our ability to meet our obligations to customers depends on the performance, product quality, continued product availability and stability of such suppliers. We also have dependencies on certain key internal manufacturing or other facilities. Disruptions in deliveries, capacity constraints, production disruptions up- or down-stream, price increases, or decreased availability of raw materials or commodities, including as a result of war, natural disasters (including the effects of climate change such as sea level rise, drought, flooding, wildfires and more intense weather events), actual or threatened public health pandemics or emergencies, governmental, legislative or regulatory actions, or other business continuity events, adversely affect our operations and, depending on the length and severity of the disruption, can limit our ability to meet our commitments to customers or significantly impact our operating profit or cash flows. Further, a prolonged disruption at a significant supplier or discontinuation of an important material, part, component or system can require us to identify and qualify a new supplier or develop other manufacturing or production alternatives; this can require substantial time to implement, particularly if it involves new regulatory certifications, and can lead to costs or delays that adversely impact our production timelines, fulfillment of customer contracts, revenue, profitability, cash flows and reputation. Quality, capability, compliance and sourcing issues experienced by third-party providers can also adversely affect our costs, profitability and the quality and effectiveness of our products and services and result in liability and reputational harm. The harm to us could be significant if, for example, a quality issue at a supplier or with components that we integrate into our products results in a widespread quality issue across one of our product lines or our installed base of equipment. In addition, our suppliers may experience cyber-related attacks, which could negatively impact their ability to meet their delivery obligations to us and in turn have an adverse effect on our ability to meet our commitments to customers.

FY 2025 10-K
Added
Filed Jan 29, 2026

Supply chain - Significant input shortages, supplier capacity constraints, supplier or customer production disruptions, supplier quality and sourcing issues or price increases have increased, and may continue to increase, our operating costs and can adversely impact the competitive positions of our products. Our reliance on third-party suppliers, partners, contract manufacturers and service providers and on commodity markets to secure raw materials, parts, components and sub-systems used in our products exposes us to volatility in the prices and availability of these materials, parts, components, systems and services. As our supply chains are complex and extend into many different countries and regions around the world, we are also subject to global economic and geopolitical dynamics and risks associated with exporting components manufactured in particular countries for incorporation into finished products completed in other countries. We operate in a supply-constrained environment and are facing, and may continue to face, supply-chain shortages, inflationary pressures, shortages of skilled labor, transportation and logistics challenges and manufacturing disruptions that impact our revenue, profitability and timeliness in fulfilling customer orders. We anticipate supply chain pressures across our business will continue to challenge and adversely affect our operations and financial performance for some period of time. For example, successfully executing the significant delivery ramp for new unit production and servicing in connection with the growth of newer engine platforms such as LEAP depends in part on our suppliers having access to the materials, skilled labor and production capacity they require and making timely deliveries to us, as well as meeting the required safety, quality and performance standards for aerospace applications. In addition, some of our suppliers or their sub-suppliers are limited- or sole-source suppliers, and our ability to meet our obligations to customers depends on the performance, product quality, continued product availability, viability and stability of such suppliers. We also have dependencies on key internal manufacturing or other facilities. Disruptions in deliveries, capacity constraints, production disruptions up- or down-stream, price increases, or decreased availability of raw materials or commodities, including as a result of war, natural disasters, actual or threatened public health pandemics or emergencies, governmental, legislative or regulatory actions (including international trade controls or other restrictions on the use of particular materials or suppliers), or other business continuity events, adversely affect our operations and, depending on the length and severity of the disruption, can limit our ability to meet our commitments to customers or significantly impact our operating profit or cash flows. Further, a prolonged disruption at a significant supplier or discontinuation of an important material, part, component or system can

de-emphasised 28 2025 FORM 10-K The cybersecurity risk disclosure was updated to specifically name expanding global requirements, such as the Department of War's NIST and Cybersecurity Maturity Model Certification (CMMC) requirements, which impose additional obligations on the company and its suppliers. Additionally, the filing introduced a new section detailing financial risks, including credit, liquidity, foreign currency exchange rates, interest rates, and commodity prices.

FY 2024 10-K
Removed
Filed Feb 3, 2025

30 2024 FORM 10-K including our policies and controls, will be effective in promptly or effectively detecting, containing or remediating cybersecurity attacks, which may result in material harm to our systems, information or business. We have experienced, and expect to continue to experience, cyberattacks of varying degrees of sophistication and various cybersecurity incidents, such as distributed denial of service attacks and phishing attacks. It may take considerable time for us to investigate and evaluate the full impact of incidents, particularly for sophisticated attacks. This may inhibit our ability to provide prompt, full and reliable information about the incident to our customers, suppliers, regulators and the public. A significant cyber-related attack against us, a key third-party system or a network that we use, or in our sector, such as an attack on commercial aircraft (even if such an attack does not involve our products, services or systems), could adversely affect our business. The large number of suppliers that we work with requires significant effort for the initial and ongoing verification of the effective implementation of cybersecurity requirements by suppliers. The increasing degree of interconnectedness that we have with our partners, suppliers and customers also poses a risk to the security of our network as well as the larger ecosystem in which we operate. Our risk mitigation efforts may fail to prevent, detect and limit the impact of cyber-related attacks, and we remain vulnerable to known and unknown cybersecurity threats. The continued adoption of new technologies across our business and by our suppliers, including emerging technologies, system migrations and network transitions, also increases our exposure to cybersecurity threats. Any unknown vulnerability or compromise in our or a third-party product (for example, open source software) exposes our systems, networks, software or connected products to malicious actors that seek to misuse our products, steal intellectual property, misappropriate sensitive, confidential or personal data, or create safety risks or unavailability of equipment. In addition, given the nature of complex systems, software and services like ours, and the scanning tools that we deploy in relation to our networks, infrastructure and products, we regularly identify and track security vulnerabilities. We are not always able to comprehensively apply patches or mitigating measures or ensure that patches are applied before vulnerabilities can be exploited. We also have access to sensitive, classified, confidential or personal data or information that is subject to privacy and security laws, regulations or customer-imposed controls. We are vulnerable to security breaches, theft, misplaced, lost or corrupted data, programming errors and misconfigurations, employee errors (including as a result of social engineering/phishing) and/or malfeasance (including misappropriation by insiders or departing employees) that may compromise sensitive, classified, confidential or personal data or information, improper use of our systems, software solutions or networks, unauthorized access, use, disclosure, modification or destruction of or denial of access to information, defective products, production downtimes and operational disruptions. In addition, a cybersecurity incident that impacts our partners, suppliers or customers could compromise our systems and impact our intellectual property, personal data or other confidential information, or result in production downtimes and operational disruptions that could cause us to breach our commitments to customers. Any security vulnerability or malicious software in a product used by a partner or supplier to deliver a service or embedded in a product that is later integrated into a GE Aerospace product could lead to a vulnerability in the security of GE Aerospace's product or, if used internally in our network environment, to a compromise of the GE Aerospace network, which may lead to the loss of information or operational disruptions. Cybersecurity-related and data privacy and protection laws and regulatory regimes are evolving, can vary significantly by country and present increasing compliance challenges, and we from time to time receive, and in the future will likely receive, regulatory inquiries about specific incidents or aspects of our cybersecurity framework; these dynamics increase our costs, affect our competitiveness and can expose us to fines or other penalties and reputational risks. In addition, cybersecurity incidents can result in other negative consequences, regardless of whether the direct effects of an incident are significant, including damage to our reputation or competitiveness, restoration and remediation costs, increased digital infrastructure or related costs that are not covered by insurance, and costs or fines arising from litigation or regulatory investigations or actions. While we carry cyber insurance, we cannot be certain that our coverage will be adequate for liabilities actually incurred, that insurance will continue to be available to us on economically reasonable terms, or at all, or that any insurer will not deny coverage as to any future claim.

FY 2025 10-K
Added
Filed Jan 29, 2026

28 2025 FORM 10-K create safety risks or unavailability of equipment. In addition, given the nature of complex systems, software and services like ours, and the scanning tools that we deploy in relation to our networks, infrastructure and products, we regularly identify and track cybersecurity vulnerabilities. We are not always able to comprehensively apply patches or mitigating measures or ensure that patches are applied before vulnerabilities can be exploited. We also have access to sensitive, classified, confidential or personal data or information that is subject to privacy and security laws, regulations or customer-imposed controls. We are vulnerable to security breaches; theft; misplaced, lost or corrupted data; programming errors; misconfigurations; employee errors (including as a result of social engineering/phishing); and/or malfeasance (including misappropriation by insiders or departing employees) that may compromise sensitive, classified, confidential or personal data or information; improper use of our systems, software solutions or networks; unauthorized access, use, disclosure, modification or destruction of or denial of access to information; vulnerable products; production downtimes; and operational disruptions. In addition, a cybersecurity incident that impacts our partners, suppliers or customers could compromise our systems and impact our intellectual property, personal data or other confidential information, or result in production downtimes and operational disruptions that could cause us to breach our commitments to customers. Any security vulnerability or malicious software in a product used by a partner or supplier to deliver a service or embedded in a product that is later integrated into a GE Aerospace product could lead to a vulnerability in the security of GE Aerospace's product or, if used internally in our network environment, to a compromise of the GE Aerospace network, which may lead to the loss of information or operational disruptions. Cybersecurity and data privacy laws are rapidly evolving, vary significantly by country, and present increasing compliance challenges. We periodically receive regulatory inquiries regarding specific incidents or aspects of our cybersecurity framework, which can increase costs, affect competitiveness, and expose us to fines, penalties, or reputational risks. Expanding global cybersecurity requirements, such as the Department of War's NIST and Cybersecurity Maturity Model Certification requirements, also impose additional obligations on us and our suppliers, heightening the risk of noncompliance, operational disruptions and regulatory enforcement. In addition, cybersecurity incidents can result in other negative consequences, regardless of whether the direct effects of an incident are significant, including damage to our reputation or competitiveness, restoration and remediation costs, increased digital infrastructure or related costs that are not covered by insurance, and costs or fines arising from litigation or regulatory investigations or actions. While we carry cyber insurance, we cannot be certain that our coverage will be adequate for liabilities actually incurred, that insurance will continue to be available to us on economically reasonable terms, or at all, or that any insurer will not deny coverage as to any future claim. FINANCIAL RISKS. Financial risk relates to our ability to meet financial goals and obligations and mitigate exposure to broad market risks. In addition to the risks to financial performance that most of the items described throughout our risk factors pose, financial risks include credit risk; funding and liquidity risks; and volatility in foreign currency exchange rates, interest rates and commodity prices. We also face financial risks associated with our run-off insurance and banking operations. Credit risk is the risk of financial loss arising from a customer or counterparty failure to meet its contractual obligations. Liquidity risk refers to the potential inability to meet contractual or contingent financial obligations (whether on- or off-balance sheet) as they arise, and could potentially impact our financial condition, cash flow or overall safety and soundness.

reworded §1A.0 The detailed discussion of specific geopolitical crises, such as Russia's invasion of Ukraine and risks related to the Middle East conflict, was removed from the Global macro-environment section. Additionally, the Strategic Risks list updated "climate change" to "climate and environmental factors" and specified "the GE spin-offs."

FY 2024 10-K
Removed
Filed Feb 3, 2025

RISK FACTORS. The following discussion of the material factors, events and uncertainties that may make an investment in the Company speculative or risky contains "forward-looking statements," as discussed in the Forward-Looking Statements section. These risk factors may be important to understanding any statement in this report or elsewhere. The risks described below should not be considered a complete list of potential risks that we face, and additional risks not currently known to us or that we currently consider immaterial may also negatively impact us. The following information should be read in conjunction with the MD&A section and the consolidated financial statements and related notes. The risks we describe in this report or in our other SEC filings could, in ways we may not be able to accurately predict, recognize or control, have a material adverse effect on our business, reputation, financial position, results of operations, cash flows and stock price, and they could cause our future results to be materially different than we presently anticipate. STRATEGIC RISKS. Strategic risk relates to the Company's future business plans and strategies, including the risks associated with the global macro-environment; dynamics in the commercial aviation sector; competitive threats; the demand for our products and services and the success of our investments in technology and innovation; impacts of government spending, programs and contracts; climate change; our recent spin-offs; capital allocation decisions; acquisitions, dispositions, joint ventures and other inorganic investments; intellectual property; and other risks. Global macro-environment - Our financial performance and growth are subject to risks related to global economic, political and geopolitical developments or other disruptions to the economy or our business sectors. We serve customers in many countries around the world and receive a significant portion of our revenue from outside the United States. Accordingly, our operations and execution are subject to the effects of global economic trends, geopolitical risks and demand or supply shocks from events such as war or international conflict, a major terrorist attack, natural disasters or actual or threatened public health pandemics or other emergencies. Our operations and performance are also affected by local and regional economic environments, supply chain constraints and policies in the U.S. and other markets that we serve, including factors such as inflationary pressures in many markets, interest rates, economic growth rates, the availability of skilled labor, monetary policy, exchange rates, currency volatility, commodity prices and sovereign debt levels. For example, inflationary or other pressures that cause our material or labor costs to increase can adversely affect our profitability and cash flows, particularly when we are unable to increase customer contract values or pricing to offset those pressures. Deterioration of economic conditions or outlooks, such as lower rates of investment, lower economic growth, recession or fears of recession in the U.S., China, Europe or other key markets, may adversely affect the demand for or profitability of our products and services, and the impact from developments outside the U.S. on our business performance can be significant given the extent of our global activities. Increased geopolitical tensions and outbreaks of armed conflict can also adversely impact our business, both directly or by adversely affecting economic activity globally or in particular regions or countries. For example, Russia's invasion of Ukraine in early 2022 and related political and economic consequences, such as sanctions and other measures imposed by the European Union, the U.S. and other countries and organizations in response, have caused and may continue to cause disruption and instability in global markets, supply chains and industries that negatively impact our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows and pose reputational risks. More recently, there is risk of wider conflict in the Middle East that could have significant adverse impacts on the region and business activity in addition to the humanitarian and other consequences of the current conflict. Further, political changes and trends such as populism, protectionism, economic nationalism and sentiment toward multinational companies, as well as tariffs, export controls, restrictions on outbound investment or other trade barriers, sanctions, technical or local content regulations, currency controls or changes to tax or other laws and policies, have been and may continue to be disruptive and costly to our business. These can interfere with our global operating model, supply chain, production costs, customer relationships and competitive position. Escalation of tariffs or any other specific trade tensions, including intensified decoupling between the U.S. and China, or in global trade conflict more broadly could be harmful to global economic growth or to our business in or with China or other countries. In addition, market uncertainty and volatility in various geographies may be magnified as a result of potential shifts in U.S. and foreign trade, economic and other policies following the recent U.S. elections. We also do business in emerging market jurisdictions where economic, political and legal risks are heightened and the operating environments are complex.

FY 2025 10-K
Added
Filed Jan 29, 2026

RISK FACTORS. The following discussion of the material factors, events and uncertainties that may make an investment in the Company speculative or risky contains "forward-looking statements," as discussed in the Forward-Looking Statements section. These risk factors may be important to understanding any statement in this report or elsewhere. The risks described below should not be considered a complete list of potential risks that we face, and additional risks not currently known to us or that we currently consider immaterial may also negatively impact us. The following information should be read in conjunction with the MD&A section and the consolidated financial statements and related notes. The risks we describe in this report or in our other SEC filings could, in ways we may not be able to accurately predict, recognize or control, have a material adverse effect on our business, reputation, financial position, results of operations, cash flows and stock price, and they could cause our future results to be materially different than we presently anticipate. STRATEGIC RISKS. Strategic risk relates to the Company's future business plans and strategies, including the risks associated with the global macro-environment; dynamics in the commercial aviation sector; competitive threats; the demand for our products and services and the success of our investments in technology and innovation; impacts of government spending, programs and contracts; climate and environmental factors; the GE spin-offs; capital allocation decisions; acquisitions, dispositions, joint ventures and other inorganic investments; intellectual property; and other risks. Global macro-environment - Our financial performance and growth are subject to risks related to global economic, political and geopolitical developments or other disruptions to the economy or our business. We serve customers in many countries around the world and receive a significant portion of our revenue from outside the United States. Accordingly, our operations and execution are subject to the effects of global economic trends, geopolitical risks and demand or supply shocks from events such as war or international conflict, a major terrorist attack, natural disasters or actual or threatened public health pandemics or other emergencies. Political developments or policy shifts in areas such as tariffs, export controls, including restrictions on rare earth minerals or other trade barriers, sanctions, technical or local content regulations, currency controls, global tax laws or other laws and policies, have been and may continue to be disruptive and costly to our business. These can interfere with our global operating model, supply chain, production costs, customer relationships and competitive position. Escalation of tariffs or any other specific trade tensions, including intensified decoupling between the U.S. and China, or in global trade conflict more broadly could be harmful to global economic growth or to our business in or with China or other countries. Our operations and performance are also affected by local and regional economic environments, supply chain constraints and policies in the U.S. and other markets that we serve, including factors such as inflationary pressures, interest rates, economic growth rates, the availability of skilled labor, monetary policy, exchange rates, currency volatility, commodity prices and sovereign debt levels. For example, inflationary or other pressures that cause our material or labor costs to increase can adversely affect our profitability and cash flows, particularly when we are unable to increase customer contract values or pricing to offset those pressures. Deterioration of economic conditions or outlooks, such as lower rates of investment, lower economic growth, recession or fears of recession in the U.S., Europe, China or other key markets, may adversely affect the demand for or profitability of our products and services, and the impact from developments outside the U.S. on our business performance can be significant given the extent of our global activities. Increased geopolitical tensions and outbreaks of armed conflict, as well as sanctions or other measures imposed in response, have in the past and in the future may cause disruption and instability in global markets, particular regions or countries, supply chains or commercial activity that adversely impact our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows and pose reputational risks. In addition, market uncertainty and volatility in various geographies may be magnified as a result of shifts in trade, economic and other policies. We also do business in emerging market jurisdictions where economic, political and legal risks are heightened and the operating environments are complex.

reworded our products and services, which could have a material adverse effect on our competitive position, results of operations, financial condition or cash flows. The competitive environment description was expanded to explicitly include other engine manufacturers and airframers, while the company's long-term success now also depends on having its engines power leading existing and new aircraft platforms. Additionally, the scope of R&D investment was broadened to include investing in emerging technologies or partnering with other industry players.

FY 2024 10-K
Removed
Filed Feb 3, 2025

26 2024 FORM 10-K when any new product is ready to enter into service. We also have dependencies on our suppliers and partners for commercial engine programs to develop, manufacture and service their share of an engine, and on the major airframers that we supply to timely and successfully develop, certify and commercialize aircraft that utilize our engines as well as to successfully sell those aircraft against aircraft powered by our competitors. A reduction in spending in the commercial aviation sector, or challenges for key industry participants, could have a significant effect on the demand for our products and services, which could have a material adverse effect on our competitive position, results of operations, financial condition or cash flows. Competitive environment - We are dependent on the maintenance of existing product lines and service relationships, acceptance by our customers of new product and service introductions, competitive pricing and other terms, and technology and innovation leadership for revenue and earnings growth. The segments in which we operate are highly competitive in terms of pricing, product and service quality, product development and entry into service, product durability, customer service, financing terms, the ability to respond to shifts in market demand and the ability to attract and retain skilled talent. Our long-term operating results and competitive position also depend substantially upon our ability to continue to improve or upgrade current products and services, to maintain long-term customer relationships and to increase our productivity over time as we perform on long-term service agreements, as well as our ability to develop, introduce, and market new and innovative technology, products, services and platforms, such as the RISE program suite of technologies. In addition, the research and development cycle involved in bringing new products to market is often lengthy, it is inherently difficult to predict the economic conditions or competitive dynamics that will exist when any new product is complete, and our investments, to the extent they result in bringing a product to market, may generate weaker returns than we anticipated at the outset. Our capacity to invest in research and development efforts to advance our technologies, products and services also depends on the financial resources that we have available for such investment relative to other capital allocation priorities. Under-investment in research and development, or investment in technologies that prove to be less competitive in the future (at the expense of alternative investment opportunities not pursued), could lead to loss of sales of our products or services in the future due to the long product development cycles in our business. The amounts that we do invest in research and development efforts may not lead to the development of new technologies or products on a timely basis or meet the needs of our customers as fully as competitive offerings, and we may face impairment charges for contract fulfillment costs that are capitalized as nonrecurring engineering costs if we determine recovery of the costs is not probable (see Note 1). Our business is also subject to technological change and advances, such as growth in industrial automation and increased digitization of the operations, infrastructure and solutions that customers demand. In addition, our use of emerging and evolving technologies such as artificial intelligence and machine learning, which we expect to increase over time, presents business, reputational, legal and compliance risks related to data sourcing, design flaws, integration issues, security threats, privacy protections and the ability to develop sufficient protection measures. Artificial intelligence technologies have rapidly developed and our business may be adversely affected if we cannot successfully integrate these technologies into our business processes and product and service offerings in a timely, cost-effective, compliant and responsible manner. The introduction of innovative and disruptive technologies in the segments in which we operate also poses risks in the form of new competitors, market consolidation, substitutions of existing products, services or solutions, niche players, new business models and competitors that are faster to market with new or more cost-effective products or services. Existing and new competitors offer parts or services for our installed base, and if the customers that purchase our products and services select our competitors or we otherwise fail to maintain or renew service relationships, this can erode our revenue and profitability.

FY 2025 10-K
Added
Filed Jan 29, 2026

24 2025 FORM 10-K our products and services, which could have a material adverse effect on our competitive position, results of operations, financial condition or cash flows. Competitive environment - We are dependent on the maintenance of existing product lines and service relationships, acceptance by our customers of new product and service introductions, competitive pricing and other terms, and technology and innovation leadership for revenue and earnings growth. The segments in which we, other engine manufacturers and airframers operate, are highly competitive in terms of pricing, product and service quality, product development and entry into service, product durability, customer service, financing terms, the ability to respond to shifts in market demand and the ability to attract and retain skilled talent at all levels, including senior leadership. Our long-term operating results and competitive position depend substantially upon our ability to continue to improve or upgrade current products and services, to have our engines power leading existing and new aircraft platforms, to cultivate, maintain and grow long-term customer relationships and to increase our productivity over time as we perform on long-term service agreements. Our competitive position and success also depend on our ability to develop, introduce, and market new and innovative technology, products, services and platforms, such as the RISE program suite of technologies. The research and development cycle involved in bringing new products to market is often lengthy, it is inherently difficult to predict the economic conditions or competitive dynamics that will exist when any new product is complete, and our investments, to the extent they result in bringing a product to market, may generate weaker returns than we anticipated at the outset. Our capacity to invest in research and development efforts to advance our technologies, products and services, or to otherwise invest in emerging technologies or partner with other industry players, also depends on the financial resources that we have available for such investment relative to other capital allocation priorities. Under-investment in research and development and innovation, or investment in technologies that prove to be less competitive in the future (at the expense of alternative investment opportunities not pursued), could lead to loss of sales of our products or services in the future due to the long product development cycles in our business. The amounts that we do invest in research and development efforts may not lead to the development of new technologies or products on a timely basis or meet the needs of our customers as fully as competitive offerings, and we may face impairment charges for contract fulfillment costs that are capitalized as nonrecurring engineering costs if we determine recovery of the costs is not probable (see Note 1). Our business is also subject to technological change and advances, such as growth in industrial automation and increased digitization. In addition, our use of emerging and evolving technologies such as artificial intelligence and machine learning, which we expect to continue to increase over time, presents business, reputational and legal and compliance risks, including risks related to data sourcing, design flaws, integration issues, security threats, privacy protections and the ability to develop sufficient protection measures. Artificial intelligence technologies are rapidly developing, and our business may be adversely affected if we cannot successfully integrate these technologies into our business processes and product and service offerings in a timely, cost-effective, compliant and responsible manner. The introduction of innovative and disruptive technologies in the segments in which we operate also poses risks in the form of new competitors, market consolidation, substitutions of existing products, services or solutions, niche players, new business models and competitors that are faster to market with new or more cost-effective products or services. Existing and new competitors offer parts or services for our installed base, and if the customers that purchase our products and services select our competitors or we otherwise fail to maintain or renew service relationships, this can erode our revenue and profitability.

reworded our products and services, which could have a material adverse effect on our competitive position, results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.

FY 2024 10-K
Removed
Filed Feb 3, 2025

Government programs and contracts - Our defense business is subject to risks from changes in government spending that can adversely affect our business strategy or financial performance, in addition to risks related to regulations and compliance with government contracts. Our defense business is heavily influenced by the spending and policy actions of the U.S. federal government, as well as allied governments that rely on U.S. suppliers to provide products and services important to their national defense. Changes in U.S. or other government defense spending, including as a result of potential changes in policy or budgetary positions or priorities, in connection with the recent U.S. elections or otherwise, can negatively impact the results and growth prospects of our defense business. U.S. defense spending levels are difficult to predict and may be impacted by numerous factors such as the evolving nature of the national security threat environment, U.S. national security strategy, U.S. foreign policy, the domestic political environment, macroeconomic conditions and the ability of the U.S. government to enact relevant legislation such as authorization and appropriations bills. Changes in government priorities and funding related to the future of combat, such as greater reliance on uncrewed aircraft systems, could also adversely affect the demand for our defense products and services. In addition, government customers often may modify, curtail or terminate their contracts and subcontracts with us either at their convenience or for default based on performance. The termination of one or more of our government contracts, or the occurrence of performance delays, cost overruns (due to inflation or otherwise), product failures, shortages in materials, components or labor, or other failures to perform to customer expectations and contract requirements could negatively impact our reputation, competitive position and financial results. In addition, our government contracts are subject to extensive procurement regulations, and new regulations or changes to existing requirements could increase our compliance costs. We are also subject to U.S. and other government inquiries and investigations, including periodic audits of our quality systems, manufacturing operations, and costs that we determine are allowable or reimbursable under government contracts. Failure to comply with provisions of our government contracts or other applicable laws and regulations could lead to civil or criminal enforcement under the U.S. False Claims Act or similar enforcement legislation, including potentially significant financial penalties, suspension or debarment against new business and reputational harm. Climate change - Our business and financial performance may be adversely affected by climate change impacts, including changes in regulations, customer demand, technologies and extreme weather. Our business may be impacted by climate change and governmental and industry actions taken in response, which present a variety of risks to our business and financial results. Changes in environmental and climate-related laws or regulations, including regulations on greenhouse gas emissions caps, carbon

FY 2025 10-K
Added
Filed Jan 29, 2026

Government programs and contracts - Our business is subject to risks from changes in government spending and policies that can adversely affect our business strategy or financial performance, in addition to risks related to regulations and compliance with government contracts. Our defense business is heavily influenced by the spending and policy actions of the U.S. federal government, as well as allied governments that rely on U.S. suppliers to provide products and services important to their national defense. Changes in U.S. or other government defense spending, including as a result of changes in policy, budgetary positions or priorities in connection with elections or otherwise, can negatively impact the results and growth prospects of our defense business. U.S. defense spending levels are difficult to predict and may be impacted by numerous factors such as the evolving nature of the national security threat environment, U.S. national security strategy, U.S. foreign policy, the domestic political environment, macroeconomic conditions and the ability of the U.S. government to enact relevant legislation such as authorization and appropriations bills. Changes in government priorities and funding related to the future of combat, such as greater reliance on uncrewed aircraft systems, could also adversely affect the demand for our defense products and services. In addition, government customers often may modify, curtail or terminate their contracts and subcontracts with us either at their convenience or for default based on performance. The termination of one or more of our government contracts, or the occurrence of performance delays, cost overruns (due to inflation or otherwise), product failures, shortages in materials, components or labor, or other failures to perform to customer expectations and contract requirements could negatively impact our reputation, competitive position and financial results and under new policies could require changes to our investment plans, capital allocation or executive compensation. In addition, our government contracts are subject to extensive procurement regulations, and new regulations or changes to existing requirements could increase our compliance costs. We are also subject to U.S. and other government inquiries and investigations that can arise in connection with internal or external audits regarding our quality systems, manufacturing operations, costs that we determine are allowable or reimbursable under government contracts or other matters. Failure to comply with provisions of our government contracts or other applicable laws and regulations can lead to civil or criminal enforcement under the U.S. False Claims Act or similar enforcement legislation, including potentially significant financial penalties, suspension or debarment against new business and reputational harm. Climate and environmental factors - Our business and financial performance may be adversely affected by climate and environmental factors, including changes in regulations, customer demand, technologies and extreme weather. Environmental and climate-related laws or regulations, including regulations on greenhouse gas emissions caps, carbon pricing and taxes, energy taxes, product fuel efficiency standards and mandatory disclosure obligations, as well as industry actions in response, continue to evolve and reflect a range of views among global regulators and other stakeholders; these may present risks to our business and financial results and increase our operational and compliance expenditures and those of our customers and suppliers. In addition, we

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Side-by-side against the prior Business Description.