Item 1A. RISK FACTORS
You
should carefully consider the following risk
factors in addition to the other information
included in this
Annual Report on Form 10-K.
These risk factors are not the only risks
we face.
Our business could also be
affected by additional risks and uncertainties not currently
known to us or that we currently consider to be
immaterial.
If any of these risks or other risks that are yet unknown
were to occur, our business, operating
results and financial condition, as well as the
value of an investment in our common stock
could be adversely
affected.
Risks Related to Our Industry
We have been negatively affected and may continue to be negatively affected by the prolonged drop in
commodity prices that began in early 2020.
The oil and gas business is fundamentally a commodity
business and our revenues, operating results
and future
rate of growth are highly dependent on the prices
we receive for crude oil, bitumen, natural gas,
NGLs and
LNG.
Such prices can fluctuate widely depending upon
global events or conditions that affect supply and
demand, most of which are out of our control.
Since early 2020, there has been a precipitous
decrease in
demand for oil globally, largely caused by the dramatic decrease in travel and commerce
resulting from the
COVID-19 pandemic.
See Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results
of Operations, for additional information
on commodity prices and how we have been
impacted.
There is no
assurance of when or if commodity prices will
return to pre-COVID-19 levels,
and if they do return to pre-
COVID levels, how long they will remain at those
levels.
The speed and extent of any recovery remains
uncertain and is subject to various risk factors,
including the duration, impact and actions taken
to stem the
proliferation of the COVID-19 pandemic, the extent
to which those nations party to the OPEC
plus production
agreement decide to increase production of crude
oil, bitumen, natural gas and NGLs and other factors
described herein.
Even after a recovery, our industry will continue to be exposed to the
effects of changing
commodity prices given the volatility
in commodity price drivers and the worldwide political
and economic
environment generally, as well as continued uncertainty caused by armed hostilities
in various oil-producing
regions around the globe.
Lower crude oil, bitumen, natural gas, NGL and
LNG prices may have a material adverse effect on our
revenues, earnings, cash flows and liquidity, and may also affect the amount of dividends
we elect to declare
and pay on our common stock.
As a result of the oil market downturn that
began in early 2020, we suspended
our share repurchase program.
Lower prices may also limit the amount of reserves
we can produce
economically, thus adversely affecting our proved reserves and reserve replacement ratio
and accelerating the
reduction in our existing reserve levels as we continue
production from upstream fields.
Prolonged depressed
crude oil prices may affect certain decisions related to
our operations, including decisions to reduce
capital
investments or curtail operated production.
Significant reductions in crude oil, bitumen, natural
gas, NGLs and LNG prices could also
require us to reduce
our capital expenditures, impair the carrying value
of our assets or discontinue the classification
of certain
assets as proved reserves.
In 2020, we recognized several impairments,
which are described in Note 7 -
Suspended Wells and Exploration Expenses and Note 8 - Impairments, in the Notes
to Consolidated Financial
Statements,
due to changes in assumptions for commodity
prices and development plans.
If the outlook for
commodity prices remains low relative to historic
levels, and as we continue to optimize our investments
and
exercise capital flexibility, it is reasonably likely we will incur future impairments
to long-lived assets used in
operations, investments in nonconsolidated entities
accounted for under the equity method and unproved
properties.
If oil and gas prices persist at depressed levels,
our reserve estimates may decrease further, which
could incrementally increase the rate used to determine
DD& A expense on our unit-of-production method
properties.
See Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis for further examination
of DD& A rate impacts
versus comparative periods.
Although it is not reasonably practicable to quantify
the impact of any future
impairments or estimated change to our unit-of-production
rates at this time, our results of operations could
be
adversely affected as a result.
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Our business has been, and will continue to
be, adversely affected by the coronavirus (COVID-19)
pandemic.
The COVID-19 pandemic and the measures put
in place to address it have negatively impacted
the global
economy, disrupted global supply chains, reduced global demand for oil
and gas, and created significant
volatility and disruption of financial and commodity
markets.
According to the National Bureau of Economic
Research, as a result of the pandemic and its broad
reach across the entire economy, the U. S. entered a
recession in early 2020 and the timing, pace and extent
of the recovery is still unknown.
Public health officials
have recommended or mandated certain precautions
to mitigate the spread of COVID-19, including limiting
non-essential gatherings of people, ceasing all
non-essential travel and issuing "social or
physical distancing"
guidelines, "shelter-in-place" orders and mandatory
closures or reductions in capacity for non-essential
businesses.
Although some of these limitations and mandates
have been relaxed in certain jurisdictions,
others
have been reinstated in areas that have experienced
a resurgence of COVID-19 cases.
In addition, despite
approval of vaccines to immunize against
COVID-19, the speed at which such vaccinations
will be available to
the public,
the public's willingness to be inoculated and the effectiveness of the vaccine
(including to variants)
still remain unknown.
As a result, the full impact of the COVID-19
pandemic remains uncertain and will
depend on the severity, location and duration of the effects and spread of the disease,
the effectiveness and
duration of actions taken by authorities to contain
the virus or treat its effect, the availability and effectiveness
of vaccines or other treatments, and how quickly
and to what extent economic conditions improve.
We have already been impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic.
See Item 7. Management's Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations, for additional information on how we have
been
impacted and the steps we have taken in response.
Our business is likely to continue to be further
negatively impacted by the COVID-19
pandemic.
These
impacts could include but are not limited
to:
●
Continued reduced demand
for our products as a result of prolonged reductions
in travel and
commerce,
even if restrictions are lifted;
●
Disruptions in our supply chain due in part to scrutiny
or embargoing of shipments from infected areas
or invocation of force majeure clauses in commercial
contracts due to restrictions imposed as a result
of the global response to the pandemic;
●
Failure of third parties on which we rely, including our suppliers, contract
manufacturers, contractors,
joint venture partners and external business partners,
to meet their obligations to the company, or
significant disruptions in their ability to
do so, which may be caused by their own financial
or
operational difficulties or restrictions imposed in
response to the disease outbreak;
●
Reduced workforce productivity caused by, but not limited to, illness, travel
restrictions, quarantine,
or government mandates;
●
Business interruptions resulting from a portion
of our workforce continuing to telecommute,
as well as
the implementation and maintenance of protections
for employees commuting for work, such as
personnel screenings and self-quarantines before or
after travel; and
●
Voluntary
or involuntary curtailments to support oil prices
or alleviate storage shortages for our
products.
Any of these factors, or other cascading effects of the
COVID-19 pandemic that are not currently foreseeable,
could materially increase our costs, negatively impact
our revenues and damage our financial condition,
results
of operations, cash flows and liquidity position.
Despite the rollout of vaccines, the pandemic
continues to
progress and evolve, and the full extent and duration
of any such impacts cannot be predicted
at this time
because of the sweeping impact of the COVID-19 pandemic
on daily life around the world and a lack of
certainty as to if or when conditions will return
to pre-COVID levels.
25
Unless we successfully add to our existing proved
reserves, our future crude oil, bitumen,
natural gas and
NGL production will decline, resulting in an
adverse impact to our business.
The rate of production from upstream fields
generally declines as reserves are depleted.
If we do not conduct
successful exploration and development activities,
or, through engineering studies, optimize production
performance or identify additional or secondary
recovery reserves, our proved reserves
will decline materially
as we produce crude oil, bitumen, natural gas and
NGLs, and our business will experience reduced cash
flows
and results of operations.
Any cash conservation efforts we may undertake as a result
of commodity price
declines may further limit our ability to replace
depleted reserves.
The exploration and production of oil and gas
is a highly competitive industry.
The exploration and production of crude oil,
bitumen, natural gas and NGLs is a highly
competitive business.
We compete with private, public and state-owned companies in all facets of the
exploration and production
business, including to locate and obtain new
sources of supply and to produce crude oil,
bitumen, natural gas
and NGLs in an efficient, cost-effective manner.
Some of our competitors are larger and have greater
resources than we do or may be willing to incur a
higher level of risk than we are willing to
incur to obtain
potential sources of supply.
In addition, we may be at a competitive disadvantage
when competing with state-
owned companies if they are motivated by political
or other factors in making their business decisions,
with
less emphasis on financial returns.
If we are not successful in our competition for
new reserves, our financial
condition and results of operations may be adversely
affected.
Any material change in the factors and assumptions
underlying our estimates of crude oil, bitumen,
natural
gas and NGL reserves could impair the quantity
and value of those reserves.
Our proved reserve information included in this annual
report represents management's best estimates based
on assumptions, as of a specified date, of the volumes
to be recovered from underground accumulations of
crude oil, bitumen, natural gas and NGLs.
Such volumes cannot be directly measured
and the estimates and
underlying assumptions used by management are
subject to substantial risk and uncertainty.
Any material
changes in the factors and assumptions underlying
our estimates of these items could result
in a material
negative impact to the volume of reserves reported
or could cause us to incur impairment expenses
on property
associated with the production of those reserves.
Future reserve revisions could also result
from changes in,
among other things, governmental regulation.
Our business may be adversely affected by price controls,
government-imposed limitations on production
of
crude oil, bitumen, natural gas and NGLs, or the
unavailability of adequate gathering, processing,
compression, transportation, and pipeline
facilities and equipment for our production
of crude oil, bitumen,
natural gas and NGLs.
As discussed herein, our operations are subject
to extensive governmental regulations.
From time to time,
regulatory agencies have imposed price controls
and limitations on production by restricting
the rate of flow of
crude oil, bitumen, natural gas and NGL wells
below actual production capacity.
Because legal requirements
are frequently changed and subject to interpretation,
we cannot predict whether future restrictions
on our
business may be enacted or become applicable to
us.
Our ability to sell and deliver the crude oil, bitumen,
natural gas, NGLs and LNG that we produce
also
depends on the availability, proximity, and capacity of gathering, processing, compression, transportation
and
pipeline facilities and equipment, as well as any necessary
diluents to prepare our crude oil, bitumen, natural
gas, NGLs and LNG for transport.
The facilities, equipment and diluents we rely
on may be temporarily
unavailable to us due to market conditions, extreme
weather events, regulatory reasons, mechanical
reasons or
other factors or conditions, many of which are
beyond our control.
In addition, in certain newer plays, the
capacity of necessary facilities, equipment and diluents
may not be sufficient to accommodate production
from
existing and new wells, and construction and permitting
delays, permitting costs and regulatory or other
constraints could limit or delay the construction,
manufacture or other acquisition of new facilities
and
equipment.
If any facilities, equipment or diluents, or
any of the transportation methods and channels
that we
26
rely on become unavailable for any period of time,
we may incur increased costs to transport
our crude oil,
bitumen, natural gas, NGLs and LNG for sale or
we may be forced to curtail our production
of crude oil,
bitumen, natural gas or NGLs.
Our investments in joint ventures decrease
our ability to manage risk.
We conduct many of our operations through joint ventures in which we may share
control with our joint
venture partners.
There is a risk our joint venture participants may
at any time have economic, business or
legal interests or goals that are inconsistent with
those of the joint venture or us, or our joint
venture partners
may be unable to meet their economic or other
obligations and we may be required to
fulfill those obligations
alone.
Failure by us, or an entity in which we have
a joint venture interest, to adequately manage
the risks
associated with any operations, acquisitions or
dispositions could have a material adverse effect on the
financial condition or results of operations of our
joint ventures and, in turn, our business and
operations.
Our operations present hazards and risks that
require significant and continuous oversight.
The scope and nature of our operations present
a variety of significant hazards and risks, including
operational
hazards and risks such as explosions, fires,
crude oil spills, severe weather, geological events, labor disputes,
armed hostilities, terrorist attacks, sabotage, civil
unrest or cyber attacks.
Our operations may also be
adversely affected by unavailability, interruptions or accidents involving services
or infrastructure required to
develop, produce, process or transport our production,
such as contract labor, drilling rigs, pipelines, railcars,
tankers, barges or other infrastructure.
Our operations are subject to the additional hazards
of pollution,
releases of toxic gas and other environmental hazards
and risks.
Offshore activities may pose incrementally
greater risks because of complex subsurface
conditions such as higher reservoir pressures,
water depths and
metocean conditions.
All such hazards could result in loss of human
life, significant property and equipment
damage, environmental pollution, impairment
of operations, substantial losses to us and damage to
our
reputation.
Further, our business and operations may be disrupted if
we do not respond, or are perceived not to
respond, in an appropriate manner to any of these hazards
and risks or any other major crisis or if
we are
unable to efficiently restore or replace affected operational
components and capacity.
Legal and Regulatory Risks
We expect to continue to incur substantial capital expenditures and operating
costs as a result of our
compliance with existing and future environmental
laws and regulations.
Our business is subject to numerous laws and regulations
relating to the protection of the environment, which
are expected to continue to have an increasing
impact on our operations.
For a description of the most
significant of these environmental laws and regulations,
see the " Contingencies - Environmental" and
" Contingencies - Climate Change" sections
of Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations.
These laws and regulations continue to increase in
both number and complexity
and affect our operations with respect to, among other things:
●
Permits required in connection with exploration,
drilling, production and other activities, including
those issued by national, subnational, and local authorities;
●
The discharge of pollutants into the environment;
●
Emissions into the atmosphere, such as nitrogen
oxides, sulfur dioxide, mercury and GHG emissions;
●
Carbon taxes;
●
The handling, use, storage, transportation, disposal
and cleanup of hazardous materials and hazardous
and nonhazardous wastes;
●
The dismantlement, abandonment and restoration
of our properties and facilities at the end of
their
useful lives;
and
●
Exploration and production activities
in certain areas, such as offshore environments, arctic fields,
oil
sands reservoirs and unconventional plays.
27
We have incurred and will continue to incur substantial capital, operating and maintenance,
and remediation
expenditures as a result of these laws and regulations.
Any failure by us to comply with existing
or future
laws, regulations and other requirements could result
in administrative or civil penalties, criminal
fines, other
enforcement actions or third-party litigation
against us.
To the extent these expenditures, as with all costs, are
not ultimately reflected in the prices of our products
and services, our business, financial
condition, results of
operations and cash flows in future periods could
be materially adversely affected.
Existing and future laws, regulations and internal
initiatives relating to global climate change,
such as
limitations on GHG emissions, may impact or limit
our business plans, result in significant expenditures,
promote alternative uses of energy or reduce demand
for our products.
Continuing political and social attention to the
issue of global climate change has resulted in
both existing and
pending international agreements and national,
regional or local legislation and regulatory
measures to limit
GHG emissions, such as cap and trade regimes, carbon
taxes, restrictive permitting, increased fuel efficiency
standards and incentives or mandates for renewable
energy.
For example, in December 2015, the U. S. joined
the international community at the 21st Conference
of the Parties of the United Nations Framework
Convention on Climate Change in Paris that
prepared an agreement requiring member countries
to review and
represent a progression in their intended GHG
emission reduction goals every five years
beginning in 2020.
While the U. S. previously withdrew from the
Paris Agreement, the new administration
has recommitted the
United States to the Paris Agreement, and a significant
number of U. S. state and local governments
and major
corporations headquartered in the U. S. have also announced
their intention to satisfy these commitments.
In
addition, our operations continue in countries around
the world which are party to, and have not announced
an
intent to withdraw from, the Paris Agreement.
The implementation of current agreements
and regulatory
measures, as well as any future agreements or measures
addressing climate change and GHG emissions,
may
adversely impact the demand for our products,
impose taxes on our products or operations or
require us to
purchase emission credits or reduce emission of
GHGs from our operations.
As a result, we may experience
declines in commodity prices or incur substantial
capital expenditures and compliance, operating, maintenance
and remediation costs, any of which may have
an adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
In October 2020, we announced the adoption of a
Paris-aligned climate risk framework, whereby
we
committed to a reduction of our gross operated
(scope 1 and 2) emissions intensity, with an ambition to
achieve net zero by 2050 from operated emissions.
We also endorsed the World Bank Zero Routine Flaring by
2030 initiative, with an ambition to meet that
goal by 2025 and reaffirmed our commitment to advocate
for
reduction of scope 3 emissions intensity through
our support for a U. S. carbon price.
Compliance with, and
achievement of, climate change related internal initiatives
such as the foregoing may increase costs, require
us
to purchase emission credits, or limit or
impact our business plans, potentially resulting in the
reduction to the
economic end-of-field life of certain assets
and an impairment of the associated net book
value.
Increasing attention to global climate change has
also resulted in pressure upon stockholders,
financial
institutions and/or financial markets to modify
their relationships with oil and gas companies
and to limit
investments and/or funding to such companies.
For example, in 2019 Norway's Government Pension Fund
announced it would reduce its investment exposure
to companies that explore for oil and gas,
and in 2020 a
number of major financial institutions
announced that they would no longer finance oil and
gas exploration
projects in the Arctic.
As public pressure continues to mount, our access to
capital on terms we find favorable
(if it is available at all) may be limited and our costs
may increase or our business and results
of operations
may be otherwise adversely affected.
Furthermore, increasing attention to global climate
change has resulted in an increased likelihood
of
governmental investigations and private litigation,
which could increase our costs or otherwise adversely
affect
our business.
Beginning in 2017, cities, counties, governments
and other entities in several states in the U. S.
have filed lawsuits against oil and gas companies,
including ConocoPhillips, seeking compensatory
damages
and equitable relief to abate alleged climate change
impacts.
Additional lawsuits with similar allegations
are
expected to be filed.
The amounts claimed by plaintiffs are unspecified
and the legal and factual issues
involved in these cases are unprecedented.
ConocoPhillips believes these lawsuits are factually
and legally
meritless and are an inappropriate vehicle to address
the challenges associated with climate
change and will
28
vigorously defend against such lawsuits.
The ultimate outcome and impact to us cannot
be predicted with
certainty, and we could incur substantial legal costs associated with defending
these and similar lawsuits in the
future.
In addition, although we design and operate our
business operations to accommodate expected
climatic
conditions, to the extent there are significant
changes in the earth's climate, such as more severe or frequent
weather conditions in the markets where we operate
or the areas where our assets reside, we could
incur
increased expenses, our operations could be adversely
impacted, and demand for our products could fall.
For more information on legislation or precursors
for possible regulation relating to global climate
change that
affect or could affect our operations and a description of the company's response, see the
" Contingencies -
Climate Change" section of Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of
Operations.
Domestic and worldwide political and economic
developments could damage our operations and materially
reduce our profitability and cash flows.
Actions of the U. S., state, local and foreign
governments, through sanctions, tax and other
legislation,
executive order and commercial restrictions,
could reduce our operating profitability both
in the U. S. and
abroad.
In certain locations, restrictions
on our operations; special taxes or tax assessments;
and payment
transparency regulations that could require us to
disclose competitively sensitive information
or might cause us
to violate non-disclosure laws
of other countries have been imposed or proposed
by governments or certain
interest groups.
For example, in 2020 a ballot initiative
known as the Fair Share Act was proposed in the
state
of Alaska, which, if enacted would have increased
the state's share of production revenues and required
producers to publicly disclose additional financial
information.
Although ultimately defeated, similar
initiatives may be proposed and may be successful
in the future.
The change in control of Congress and the
White House because of the 2020 election increases
the possibility of the promulgation of more stringent
regulations of our operations and the enactment
of tax law changes that may adversely affect the fossil
fuel
industry.
In addition, the current administration
may use the Congressional Review Act to repeal
the
regulations finalized in the last five months of the
prior administration.
We also cannot rule out the possibility
of similar regulatory shifts and attendant cost and
market access implications in other international
jurisdictions.
One area subject to significant political
and regulatory activity is the use of hydraulic
fracturing, an essential
completion technique that facilitates production
of oil and natural gas otherwise trapped in lower
permeability
rock formations.
A range of local, state, federal and national laws
and regulations currently govern or, in some
hydraulic fracturing operations, prohibit hydraulic
fracturing in some jurisdictions.
Although hydraulic
fracturing has been conducted safely for many
decades, a number of new laws, regulations
and permitting
requirements are under consideration which could
result in increased costs, operating restrictions,
operational
delays or could limit the ability to develop oil and
natural gas resources.
Certain jurisdictions in which we
operate have adopted or are considering regulations
that could impose new or more stringent
permitting,
disclosure or other regulatory requirements on
hydraulic fracturing or other oil and natural
gas operations,
including subsurface water disposal.
On January 27, 2021, the new administration
signed an executive order
directing the Secretary of the Interior to stop
issuing new oil and gas leases on federal
lands, allowing time to
review and reset the Federal Government's oil and gas leasing program.
Existing production and permits
already issued on Federal lands were not impacted
by this order.
If this temporary moratorium were to be
extended indefinitely, we believe we can mitigate the impact for a considerable
period of time with our current
permits and adjusting our development plans across
our diverse acreage position.
In addition, certain interest groups have also
proposed ballot initiatives and constitutional
amendments
designed to restrict oil and natural gas development
generally and hydraulic fracturing in particular.
In the
event that ballot initiatives, local, state,
or national restrictions or prohibitions are adopted
and result in more
stringent limitations on the production and development
of oil and natural gas in areas where we conduct
operations, we may incur significant costs to
comply with such requirements or may experience
delays or
curtailment in the permitting or pursuit of exploration,
development or production activities.
Such compliance
29
costs and delays, curtailments, limitations or
prohibitions could have a material adverse effect on our
business,
prospects, results of operations, financial condition
and liquidity.
The U. S. government can also prevent or restrict
us from doing business in foreign countries.
These
restrictions and those of foreign governments
have in the past limited our ability to
operate in, or gain access
to, opportunities in various countries.
Actions by host governments, such as the expropriation
of our oil assets
by the Venezuelan government, have affected operations significantly in the past and may continue to
do so in
the future.
Changes in domestic and international policies
and regulations may affect our ability to collect
payments such as those pertaining to the settlement
with PDVSA or the ICSID Award against the Government
of Venezuela; or to obtain or maintain permits, including those necessary for drilling and development
of wells
in various locations.
Similarly, the declaration of a "climate emergency" could result in actions to limit
exports of our products and other restrictions.
Local political and economic factors in international
markets could have a material adverse effect on us.
Approximately 48 percent of our hydrocarbon
production was derived from production outside
the U. S. in
2020, and 42 percent of our proved reserves, as
of December 31, 2020, were located outside
the U. S.
We are
subject to risks associated with operations in international
markets, including changes in foreign governmental
policies relating to crude oil, natural gas, bitumen,
NGLs or LNG pricing and taxation, other
political,
economic or diplomatic developments (including
the macro effects of international trade policies and
disputes), potentially disruptive geopolitical
conditions,
and international monetary and currency rate
fluctuations.
In addition, some countries where we operate
lack a fully independent judiciary system.
This,
coupled with changes in foreign law or policy, results in a lack of legal certainty
that exposes our operations to
increased risks, including increased difficulty in enforcing
our agreements in those jurisdictions and increased
risks of adverse actions by local government authorities,
such as expropriations.
Risks Related to Our Acquisition of Concho
Combining our business with Concho's may be more difficult, costly or time-consuming
than expected and
we may fail to realize the anticipated benefits
of the Merger, which may adversely affect our business results
and negatively affect the value of our common stock.
Our acquisition of Concho (the Merger)
involved
the combination of two companies which, until
the
completion of the Merger,
operated
as independent public companies.
The success of the Merger will depend
on, among other things, the ability of our
two companies to combine our businesses in
a manner that adds
value to shareholders.
However, there can be no assurances that our respective businesses
can be integrated
successfully, and we will be required to devote significant management attention
and resources to the
integration process.
We must achieve the anticipated improvement in free cash flow generation and returns
and achieve the planned cost savings without adversely
affecting current revenues or compromising the
disciplined investment philosophy to maximize value
for shareholders.
There are a large number of processes, policies, procedures,
operations and technologies and systems that must
be integrated, and although we expect that the
elimination of duplicative costs, strategic
benefits, and
additional income, as well as the realization
of other efficiencies related to the integration of the business,
may
offset incremental transaction and Merger-related costs over time, we may
encounter difficulties in the
integration and any net benefit may not be achieved
in the near term or at all.
It is possible that the integration
process could take longer than originally anticipated
and could result in the loss of key employees;
the loss of
commercial and vendor partners;
the disruption of our ongoing businesses;
inconsistencies in standards,
controls, procedures and policies;
unexpected integration issues;
and higher than expected integration costs.
An inability to realize the full extent of the anticipated
benefits of the Merger and the other transactions
contemplated by the Merger Agreement, as well as any delays
encountered in the integration process, could
have an adverse effect upon the revenues, level of expenses
and operating results of ConocoPhillips, which
may adversely affect the value of our common stock.
30
The market value of our common stock could
decline if large amounts of our common
stock are sold now
that the Concho acquisition has been consummated.
We issued shares of ConocoPhillips common stock to former Concho stockholders.
Former Concho
stockholders may decide not to hold the shares
of ConocoPhillips common stock that they received
in the
Merger, and ConocoPhillips stockholders may decide to reduce their investment
in ConocoPhillips as a result
of the changes to ConocoPhillips' investment
profile as a result of the Merger.
Other Concho stockholders,
such as funds with limitations on their permitted
holdings of stock in individual issuers, may
be required to sell
the shares of ConocoPhillips common stock that
they received in the Merger.
Such sales of ConocoPhillips
common stock could have the effect of depressing the
market price for ConocoPhillips common stock.
Other Risk Factors Facing our Business or
Operations
We may need additional capital in the future, and it may not be available on acceptable
terms or at all.
We have historically relied primarily upon cash generated by our operations to fund
our operations and
strategy; however, we have also relied from time to time on access to
the debt and equity capital markets for
funding.
There can be no assurance that additional debt
or equity financing will be available in the future
on
acceptable terms, or at all.
In addition, although we anticipate we
will be able to repay our existing
indebtedness when it matures or in accordance
with our stated plans, there can be no assurance
we will be able
to do so.
Our ability to obtain additional financing or refinance
our existing indebtedness when it matures
or in
accordance with our plans, will be subject
to a number of factors, including market conditions,
our operating
performance, investor sentiment and our ability
to incur additional debt in compliance with agreements
governing our then-outstanding debt.
If we are unable to generate sufficient funds from
operations or raise
additional capital for any reason, our business could
be adversely affected.
In addition, we are regularly evaluated by the major
rating agencies based on a number of factors,
including
our financial strength and conditions affecting the oil
and gas industry generally.
We and other industry
companies have had their ratings reduced in the
past due to negative commodity price outlooks.
Any
downgrade in our credit rating or announcement
that our credit rating is under review for possible
downgrade
could increase the cost associated with any additional
indebtedness we incur.
Our business may be adversely affected by deterioration
in the credit quality of, or defaults under our
contracts with, third parties with whom we do
business.
The operation of our business requires us to engage
in transactions with numerous counterparties
operating in a
variety of industries, including other companies
operating in the oil and gas industry.
These counterparties
may default on their obligations to us as a result
of operational failures or a lack of liquidity, or for other
reasons, including bankruptcy.
Market speculation about the credit quality
of these counterparties, or their
ability to continue performing on their existing obligations,
may also exacerbate any operational difficulties
or
liquidity issues they are experiencing, particularly
as it relates to other companies in the oil and gas industry
as
a result of the volatility in commodity prices.
Any default by any of our counterparties may
result in our
inability to perform our obligations under agreements
we have made with third parties or may otherwise
adversely affect our business or results of operations.
In addition, our rights against any of our counterparties
as a result of a default may not be adequate to
compensate us for the resulting harm caused
or may not be
enforceable at all in some circumstances.
We may also be forced to incur additional costs as we attempt to
enforce any rights we have against a defaulting
counterparty, which could further adversely impact our results
of operations.
In particular, in August 2018, we entered into a settlement
agreement with Petróleos de Venezuela, S. A.
(PDVSA) providing for the payment of approximately
$2 billion over a five-year period in connection
with an
arbitration award issued by the International
Chamber of Commerce (ICC) Tribunal in favor of ConocoPhillips
on a contractual dispute arising from Venezuela's expropriation of our interests in the Petrozuata and Hamaca
heavy oil ventures and other pre-expropriation
fiscal measures.
We have collected approximately $0.8 billion
of the $2.0 billion settlement to date and PDVSA
has defaulted on its remaining payment obligations
under
31
this agreement.
We are therefore incurring additional costs as we seek to recover any unpaid amounts
under
the agreement.
Additionally, in March 2019, an ICSID arbitration tribunal issued an award
unanimously
ordering the government of Venezuela to pay ConocoPhillips approximately $8.7 billion in compensation
for
the government's unlawful expropriation of the company's investments in Venezuela in 2007.
ConocoPhillips
has filed requests for recognition of the award in several
jurisdictions.
On August 29, 2019, the ICSID tribunal
issued a decision rectifying the award and reducing
it by approximately $227 million.
The award now stands
at $8.5 billion plus interest.
The government of Venezuela is seeking annulment of the award before another
panel at ICSID and annulment proceedings
are underway.
No amounts have been collected as a result of this
award yet.
Our ability to declare and pay dividends and repurchase
shares is subject to certain considerations.
Dividends are authorized and determined by
our Board of Directors in its sole discretion
and depend upon a
number of factors, including:
●
Cash available for distribution;
●
Our results of operations and anticipated future
results of operations;
●
Our financial condition, especially in relation
to the anticipated future capital needs of our
properties;
●
The level of distributions paid by comparable companies;
●
Our operating expenses; and
●
Other factors our Board of Directors deems
relevant.
We expect to continue to pay quarterly dividends to our stockholders; however, our Board of Directors may
reduce our dividend or cease declaring dividends
at any time, including if it determines that
our net cash
provided by operating activities,
after deducting capital expenditures and investments,
are not sufficient to pay
our desired levels of dividends to our stockholders
or to pay dividends to our stockholders at all.
Additionally, as of December 31, 2020,
$14.5 billion of repurchase authority remained
of the $25 billion share
repurchase program our Board of Directors had
authorized.
Our share repurchase program does not
obligate us
to acquire a specific number of shares during any
period, and our decision to commence, discontinue
or resume
repurchases in any period will depend on the same
factors that our Board of Directors
may consider when
declaring dividends, among others.
In the past we have suspended our share repurchase
program in response
to market downturns, and we may do so again
in the future.
Any downward revision in the amount of dividends
we pay to stockholders or the number of shares
we
purchase under our share repurchase program could
have an adverse effect on the market price of our common
stock.
There are substantial risks with any acquisitions
or divestitures we may choose to undertake.
We regularly review our portfolio and pursue growth through acquisitions
and seek to divest non-core assets or
businesses.
We may not be able to complete these transactions on favorable terms, on
a timely basis, or at all.
Even if we do complete such
transactions, our cash flow from operations may be
adversely impacted or
otherwise the transactions
may not result in the benefits anticipated
due to various risks, including, but not
limited to (i) the failure of the acquired assets or
businesses to meet or exceed expected returns,
including risk
of impairment; (ii) difficulties in integrating the operations,
technologies, products and personnel of the
acquired assets or businesses; (iii) the inability
to dispose of non-core assets and businesses on satisfactory
terms and conditions; and (iv) the discovery of
unknown and unforeseen liabilities or
other issues related to
any acquisition for which contractual protections
are inadequate or we lack insurance or indemnities,
including
environmental liabilities, or with regard to divested
assets or businesses, claims by purchasers
to whom we
have provided contractual indemnification.
32
Our technologies, systems and networks may be subject
to cyber attacks.
Our business, like others within the oil and gas
industry, has become increasingly dependent on digital
technologies, some of which are managed by third-party
service providers on whom we rely to
help us collect,
host or process information.
Among other activities, we rely on digital technology
to estimate oil and gas
reserves, process and record financial and operating
data, analyze seismic and drilling information
and
communicate with employees and third-parties.
As a result, we face various cyber security
threats such as
attempts to gain unauthorized access to, or control
of, sensitive information about our operations
and our
employees, attempts to render our data or systems
(or those of third-parties with whom we do
business)
corrupted or unusable, threats to the security
of our facilities and infrastructure as well as
those of third-parties
with whom we do business and attempted cyber
terrorism.
In addition, computers control oil and gas production,
processing equipment and distribution
systems globally
and are necessary to deliver our production to market.
A disruption, failure, or a cyber breach of these
operating systems, or of the networks and infrastructure
on which they rely, many of which are not owned or
operated by us, could damage critical production,
distribution or storage assets, delay or prevent delivery
to
markets or make it difficult or impossible to accurately
account for production and settle transactions.
Although we have experienced occasional breaches
of our cyber security, none of these breaches have had a
material effect on our business, operations or reputation.
As cyber attacks continue to evolve, we must
continually expend additional resources to continue
to modify or enhance our protective measures
or to
investigate and remediate any vulnerabilities
detected.
Our implementation of various procedures
and controls
to monitor and mitigate security threats
and to increase security for our information, facilities
and
infrastructure may result in increased costs.
Despite our ongoing investments in security
resources, talent and
business practices, we are unable to assure that
any security measures will be effective.
If our systems and infrastructure were to be breached,
damaged or disrupted, we could be subject to serious
negative consequences, including disruption of
our operations, damage to our reputation,
a loss of counterparty
trust, reimbursement or other costs, increased compliance
costs, significant litigation exposure and legal
liability or regulatory fines, penalties or intervention.
Any of these could materially and adversely affect our
business, results of operations or financial condition.
Although we have business continuity plans in
place, our
operations may be adversely affected by significant and
widespread disruption to our systems and
infrastructure that support our business.
While we continue to evolve and modify our
business continuity
plans, there can be no assurance that they will
be effective in avoiding disruption and business impacts.
Further, our insurance may not be adequate to compensate us
for all resulting losses, and the cost to obtain
adequate coverage may increase for us in the future.
Item 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
None.
Item 3.
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
The following is a description of reportable legal
proceedings, including those involving governmental
authorities under federal, state and local laws regulating
the discharge of materials into the environment.
While it is not possible to accurately predict
the final outcome of these pending proceedings,
if any one or
more of such proceedings were to be decided adversely
to ConocoPhillips, we expect there would be
no
material effect on our consolidated financial position.
Nevertheless, such proceedings are reported pursuant
to
SEC regulations.
On April 30, 2012, the separation of our downstream
business was completed, creating two independent
energy companies: ConocoPhillips and Phillips
In connection with the separation, we entered
into an
Indemnification and Release Agreement, which
provides for cross-indemnities between Phillips
66 and us and