Table of Contents

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Unless otherwise indicated or the context otherwise requires, as used in this "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," the terms "we," "us," "the Company," "our," "CDW" and similar terms refer to CDW Corporation and its subsidiaries. "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" should be read in conjunction with the unaudited interim Consolidated Financial Statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this report and with the audited Consolidated Financial Statements and the related notes included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that are subject to numerous risks and uncertainties. Actual results may differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements. See "Forward-Looking Statements" at the end of this discussion.

Overview

CDW Corporation ("Parent"), a Fortune 500 company and member of the S&P 500 Index, is a leading multi-brand provider of information technology ("IT") solutions to business, government, education and healthcare customers in the United States ("US"), the United Kingdom ("UK") and Canada. Our broad array of offerings ranges from discrete hardware and software products to integrated IT solutions and services that include on-premise and cloud capabilities across hybrid infrastructure, digital experience and security.

We have three reportable segments: Corporate, Small Business and Public. Our Corporate segment primarily serves US private sector business customers with more than 250 employees. Our Small Business segment primarily serves US private sector business customers with up to 250 employees. Our Public segment is comprised of government agencies and education and healthcare institutions in the US. We also have two other operating segments: CDW UK and CDW Canada, each of which do not meet the reportable segment quantitative thresholds and, accordingly, are included in an all other category ("Other").

We are vendor, technology and consumption model unbiased, with a solutions portfolio including more than 100,000 products and services from more than 1,000 leading and emerging brands. Our solutions are delivered in physical, virtual and cloud-based environments through approximately 10,850 customer-facing coworkers, including sellers, highly-skilled specialists and engineers. We are a leading sales channel partner for many original equipment manufacturers, software publishers, cloud providers (collectively, our "vendor partners"), and wholesale distributors, whose products we sell or include in the solutions we offer. We provide our vendor partners with a cost-effective way to reach customers and deliver a consistent brand experience through our established end-market coverage, technical expertise and extensive customer access.

We may sell all or only select products that our vendor partners offer. Each vendor partner agreement provides for specific terms and conditions, which may include one or more of the following: product return privileges, price protection policies, purchase discounts and vendor incentive programs, such as purchase or sales rebates and cooperative advertising reimbursements. We also resell software for major software publishers. Our agreements with software publishers allow the end-user customer to acquire software or licensed products and services. In addition to helping our customers determine the best software solutions for their needs, we help them manage their software agreements, including warranties and renewals. A significant portion of our advertising and marketing expenses are reimbursed through cooperative advertising programs with our vendor partners. These programs are at the discretion of our vendor partners and are typically tied to sales or other commitments to be met by us within a specified period of time.

Trends and Key Factors Affecting our Financial Performance

We believe the following key factors may have a meaningful impact on our business performance, influencing our ability to generate sales and achieve our targeted financial and operating results:

•General economic conditions are a key factor affecting our results as they can impact our customers' willingness and ability to spend on information technology. The prevailing economic conditions remain challenging, largely due to ongoing uncertainty surrounding evolving global trade law provisions or regulations, along with other drivers. These dynamics may continue to influence supply chains, drive inflationary pressures and affect interest rates. The uncertainty in the current economic environment has impacted and may continue to impact the timing of our customer's investments in technology.

•Customers are evaluating the complex technology landscape in order to balance priorities and focus on solutions that lead to business optimization, cost management and security risk management, resulting in a more measured approach to their IT spending. We have orchestrated solutions by leveraging security, software, hybrid and cloud offerings to help customers achieve their objectives.

•Changes and uncertainty related to spending policies, budget priorities, timing and funding levels are key factors influencing the purchasing levels of government, healthcare and education customers. As the duration and ongoing

impact of current economic conditions remain uncertain, current and future budget priorities and funding levels for government, healthcare and education customers may be adversely affected, leading to lower IT spend.

•Technology trends drive customer purchasing behaviors in the market. Current technology trends are focused on delivering greater flexibility and efficiency, as well as designing and managing IT securely. These trends are driving customer adoption of cloud, artificial intelligence, software defined architectures and hybrid on-premise and off-premise combinations. The trends are further driven by the evolution of the IT consumption model to more "as a service" offerings, including software as a service and infrastructure as a service, in addition to ongoing managed and professional service arrangements. Technology trends are likely to evolve as customers prioritize spend that will produce the most important outcomes for their business.

Key Business Metrics

We monitor a number of financial and non-financial measures and ratios on a regular basis in order to track the progress of our business and make adjustments as necessary. Financial measures include both US GAAP, the accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, and Non-GAAP, which excludes or includes amounts that are not normally included or excluded in the most directly comparable measure calculated and presented in accordance with US GAAP. We believe that the most important of these measures and ratios include Gross profit, Gross profit margin, Operating income, Operating income margin, Non-GAAP operating income, Non-GAAP operating income margin, Net income, Non-GAAP net income, Net income per diluted share, Non-GAAP net income per diluted share, Average daily sales, Net cash provided by operating activities, Adjusted free cash flow, Cash conversion cycle, and Net debt. These measures and ratios are closely monitored by management, so that actions can be taken, as necessary, in order to achieve financial objectives.

For the definitions, discussion of management's use of Non-GAAP measures and reconciliations to the most directly comparable US GAAP measure, see "Results of Operations - Non-GAAP Financial Measure Reconciliations."

The results of certain key business metrics for the comparative periods are as follows:

Three Months Ended March 31,

(dollars in millions, except per share amounts and percentages)20252024

Net sales$5,199.1 $4,872.7

Gross profit$1,122.3 $1,063.3

Gross profit margin21.6 %21.8 %

Operating income$361.4 $328.0

Operating income margin7.0 %6.7 %

Non-GAAP operating income$444.0 $403.5

Non-GAAP operating income margin8.5 %8.3 %

Net income$224.9 $216.1

Non-GAAP net income$286.5 $260.8

Net income per diluted share$1.69 $1.59

Non-GAAP net income per diluted share$2.15 $1.92

Average daily sales(1)

$82.5 $76.1

(1)Defined as Net sales divided by the number of selling days. There were 63 and 64 selling days for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

(dollars in millions)March 31, 2025March 31, 2024

Net debt(1)

$5,164.9 $4,828.5

Cash conversion cycle (in days)(2)

15 16

Net cash provided by operating activities$287.2 $440.0

Adjusted free cash flow(3)

$248.8 $364.4

(1)Defined as total debt minus Cash and cash equivalents and Short-term investments.

(2)Defined as days of sales outstanding related to the current portion of Accounts receivable and certain receivables due from vendors, plus days of supply in Merchandise inventory, minus days of purchases outstanding related to the current portion of Accounts payable-trade and Accounts payable-inventory financing, based on a rolling three-month average.

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(3)Defined as Net cash provided by operating activities less Capital expenditures, adjusted to include cash flows from financing activities that relate to the purchase of inventory.

Results of Operations

Results of operations, including Gross profit margin and Operating income margin, expressed as Gross profit and Operating income as a percentage of Net sales, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 are below. For additional information on Net sales, Gross profit and Operating income by segment, see the "Segment Results of Operations."

Three Months Ended March 31,

(dollars in millions, except percentages)20252024Percent Change

Net sales$5,199.1 $4,872.7 6.7 %

Cost of sales4,076.8 3,809.4 7.0

Gross profit1,122.3 1,063.3 5.5

Gross profit margin 21.6 %21.8 %

Selling and administrative expenses760.9 735.3 3.5

Operating income361.4 328.0 10.2

Operating income margin7.0 %6.7 %

Interest expense, net(57.1)(51.3)11.3

Other income (expense), net(0.3)(0.1)*nm

Income before income taxes304.0 276.6 9.9

Income tax expense(79.1)(60.5)30.7

Net income$224.9 $216.1 4.1 %

*nm - Not meaningful

Three months ended March 31, 2025 compared with the three months ended March 31, 2024

Net sales increased $326 million, or 6.7%, with higher Net sales across all operating segments. The increase was primarily due to customer demand for notebooks/mobile devices, desktops, software and services, partially offset by a decrease across various hardware categories. While economic uncertainty continues to persist, certain end-markets experienced improved customer spending during the quarter.

Gross profit increased $59 million, or 5.5%, primarily due to higher Net sales, partially offset by lower gross profit margin. Gross profit margin decreased 20 basis points due to an increased mix into lower margin products, primarily notebooks/mobile devices, which was partially offset by a higher contribution of netted down revenue from software as a service.

Selling and administrative expenses increased $26 million, or 3.5%, primarily due to higher performance-based compensation, transformation and other related costs and amortization expense on acquisition-related intangible assets, partially offset by lower coworker-related costs.

Operating income increased $33 million, or 10.2%, to $361 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to $328 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Interest expense, net increased $6 million, or 11.3%, primarily due to increased interest expense on higher debt levels and lower interest income earned.

Income tax expense was $79 million and $61 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The effective income tax rate, expressed by calculating the income tax expense as a percentage of Income before income taxes, was 26.0% and 21.9% for the first three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

The effective income tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2025 differed from the US federal statutory rate of 21.0% primarily due to state and local income taxes. The effective income tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2024 differed from the US federal statutory rate of 21.0% primarily due to state and local income taxes, partially offset by excess tax benefits on equity-based compensation.

The higher effective income tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2025 as compared to the same period of the prior year was primarily attributable to lower excess tax benefits on equity-based compensation.

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Segment Results of Operations

Net sales by segment for the comparative periods are as follows:

Three Months Ended March 31,

20252024

(dollars in millions)Net SalesPercentage of Total Net SalesNet SalesPercentage of Total Net SalesDollar ChangePercent Change(1)

Average Daily Sales Percent Change(1)

Corporate$2,236.0 43.0 %$2,135.9 43.8 %$100.1 4.7 %6.3 %

Small Business404.6 7.8 380.9 7.8 23.7 6.2 7.9

Public:

Government537.8 10.3 543.3 11.1 (5.5)(1.0)0.6

Education652.4 12.5 596.8 12.2 55.6 9.3 11.1

Healthcare687.9 13.2 584.6 12.0 103.3 17.7 19.5

Total Public1,878.1 36.0 1,724.7 35.3 153.4 8.9 10.6

Other(2)

680.4 13.2 631.2 13.1 49.2 7.8 9.5

Total Net sales$5,199.1 100.0 %$4,872.7 100.0 %$326.4 6.7 %8.4 %

(1)There were 63 and 64 selling days for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Average daily sales is defined as Net sales divided by the number of selling days.

(2)Includes the financial results for our other operating segments, CDW UK and CDW Canada, which do not meet the reportable segment quantitative thresholds.

Gross profit by segment for the comparative periods are as follows:

Three Months Ended March 31,

20252024

(dollars in millions)Gross ProfitGross Profit MarginGross ProfitGross Profit MarginGross Profit Dollar ChangePercent Change in Gross Profit

Segments:

Corporate$534.9 23.9 %$507.5 23.8 %$27.4 5.4 %

Small Business88.6 21.9 89.8 23.6 (1.2)(1.3)

Public366.6 19.5 345.3 20.0 21.3 6.2

Other(1)

132.2 19.4 120.7 19.1 11.5 9.5

Total Gross profit$1,122.3 21.6 %$1,063.3 21.8 %$59.0 5.5 %

(1)Includes the financial results for our other operating segments, CDW UK and CDW Canada, which do not meet the reportable segment quantitative thresholds.

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Operating income by segment for the comparative periods are as follows:

Three Months Ended March 31,

20252024

(dollars in millions)Operating IncomePercentage of Segment Net SalesOperating IncomePercentage of Segment Net SalesOperating Income Dollar ChangePercent Change in Operating Income

Segments:(1)

Corporate$220.7 9.9 %$178.0 8.3 %$42.7 24.0 %

Small Business43.4 10.7 46.5 12.2 (3.1)(6.7)

Public141.2 7.5 126.0 7.3 15.2 12.1

Other(2)

39.1 5.7 25.3 4.0 13.8 54.5

Headquarters(3)

(83.0)nm*(47.8)nm*(35.2)(73.6)

Total Operating income$361.4 7.0 %$328.0 6.7 %$33.4 10.2 %

• nm - Not meaningful

(1)Segment operating income includes the segment's direct operating income, allocations for certain headquarters function costs, allocations for income and expenses from logistics services, certain inventory adjustments and volume rebates and cooperative advertising from vendors.

(2)Includes the financial results for our other operating segments, CDW UK and CDW Canada, which do not meet the reportable segment quantitative thresholds.

(3)Includes headquarters function costs that are not allocated to the segments.

Three months ended March 31, 2025 compared with the three months ended March 31, 2024

Corporate segment Net sales increased $100 million, or 4.7%, primarily due to an increase in notebooks/mobile devices and software, partially offset by a decrease in data storage and servers.

Corporate segment Gross profit dollars increased $27 million, or 5.4%, primarily due to higher Net sales. Gross profit margin increased 10 bps, to 23.9%, due to increased netted down revenue from software as a service.

Corporate segment Operating income increased $43 million, or 24.0%, primarily due to higher Gross profit dollars and lower coworker-related costs, partially offset by higher performance-based compensation and amortization expense on acquisition-related intangible assets.

Small Business segment Net sales increased $24 million, or 6.2%, primarily due to an increase in data storage and servers and notebooks/mobile devices.

Small Business segment Gross profit decreased $1 million, or 1.3%, primarily due to lower gross profit margin on higher Net sales. Gross profit margin decreased 170 bps, to 21.9%, due to decreased netted down revenue from software as a service.

Small Business segment Operating income decreased $3 million, or 6.7%, primarily due to lower Gross profit dollars.

Public segment Net sales increased $153 million, or 8.9%, primarily due to an increase in notebooks/mobile devices in education and healthcare sales channels, an increase in desktops and software in the healthcare sales channel and an increase in services across all sales channels, partially offset by a decrease in other hardware.

Public segment Gross profit dollars increased $21 million, or 6.2%, due to higher Net sales, partially offset by lower gross profit margin. Gross profit margin decreased 50 bps, to 19.5%, due to an increased mix into lower margin products, primarily notebooks/mobile devices and desktops.

Public segment Operating income increased $15 million, or 12.1%, primarily due to higher Gross profit dollars and lower coworker-related costs, partially offset by higher performance-based compensation and provision for expected credit losses.

Net sales in Other, increased $49 million, or 7.8%, primarily due to an increase in notebooks/mobile devices within the UK operations.

Other Gross profit dollars increased $12 million, or 9.5%, primarily due to higher Net sales and Gross profit margin. Gross profit margin increased 30 bps, to 19.4%, attributed to an increase in netted down revenue from software as a service.

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Other Operating income increased $14 million, or 54.5%, primarily due to higher Gross profit dollars related to the UK operations.

Non-GAAP Financial Measure Reconciliations

Generally, a non-GAAP financial measure is a numerical measure of a company's performance or financial condition that either excludes or includes amounts that are not normally included or excluded in the most directly comparable measure calculated and presented in accordance with US GAAP. Non-GAAP measures used by management may differ from similar measures used by other companies, even when similar terms are used to identify such measures.

Our non-GAAP performance measures include Non-GAAP operating income, Non-GAAP operating income margin, Non-GAAP net income, Non-GAAP net income per diluted share and Net sales on a constant currency basis, and our non-GAAP financial condition measures include Free cash flow and Adjusted free cash flow. These non-GAAP performance measures and non-GAAP financial condition measures are collectively referred to as "non-GAAP financial measures."

Non-GAAP operating income excludes, among other things, charges related to the amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets, equity-based compensation and the associated payroll taxes, acquisition and integration expenses, transformation initiatives and workplace optimization. Non-GAAP operating income margin is defined as Non-GAAP operating income as a percentage of Net sales. Non-GAAP net income and Non-GAAP net income per diluted share exclude, among other things, charges related to the amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets, equity-based compensation and the associated payroll taxes, acquisition and integration expenses, transformation initiatives, workplace optimization and their associated income tax effects. Net sales on a constant currency basis is defined as Net sales excluding the impact of foreign currency translation on Net sales. Free cash flow is defined as Net cash provided by operating activities less capital expenditures. Adjusted free cash flow is defined as Free cash flow adjusted to include certain cash flows from financing activities incurred in the normal course of operations or as capital expenditures.

We believe our non-GAAP performance measures provide analysts, investors and management with useful information regarding the underlying operating performance of our business, as they remove the impact of items that management believes are not reflective of underlying operating performance. Management uses these measures to evaluate period-over-period performance as management believes they provide a more comparable measure of the underlying business. We also present non-GAAP financial condition measures as we believe they provide analysts, investors and management with more information regarding our liquidity and capital resources. Certain non-GAAP financial measures are also used to determine certain components of performance-based compensation.

We have included reconciliations of our non-GAAP financial measures to the most comparable US GAAP financial measures for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 below.

Non-GAAP operating income and Non-GAAP operating income margin

Three Months Ended March 31,

(dollars in millions)2025Percentage of Net Sales2024Percentage of Net SalesPercent Change

Operating income, as reported$361.4 7.0 %$328.0 6.7 %10.2 %

Amortization of intangibles(1)

42.8 37.7

Equity-based compensation20.5 19.4

Transformation initiatives(2)

13.7 6.1

Acquisition and integration expenses2.9 0.7

Workplace optimization(3)

0.1 7.3

Other adjustments2.6 4.3

Non-GAAP operating income$444.0 8.5 %$403.5 8.3 %10.0 %

(1)Includes amortization expense for acquisition-related intangible assets, primarily customer relationships, customer contracts and trade names.

(2)Includes costs related to strategic transformation initiatives focused on optimizing various operations and systems.

(3)Includes costs related to workforce reductions and charges related to the reduction of our real estate lease portfolio.

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Non-GAAP net income and Non-GAAP net income per diluted share

Three Months Ended March 31,

20252024

(dollars and shares in millions, except per share amounts)Income before income taxesIncome tax expense(1)

Net incomeIncome before income taxesIncome tax expense(1)

Net incomeNet Income Percent Change

US GAAP, as reported$304.0 $(79.1)$224.9 $276.6 $(60.5)$216.1 4.1 %

Amortization of intangibles(2)

42.8 (11.1)31.7 37.7 (9.8)27.9

Equity-based compensation20.5 (4.9)15.6 19.4 (16.1)3.3

Transformation initiatives(3)

13.7 (3.6)10.1 6.1 (1.6)4.5

Acquisition and integration expenses2.9 (0.8)2.1 0.7 (0.2)0.5

Workplace optimization(4)

0.1 - 0.1 7.3 (1.9)5.4

Other adjustments2.6 (0.6)2.0 4.3 (1.2)3.1

Non-GAAP$386.6 $(100.1)$286.5 $352.1 $(91.3)$260.8 9.9 %

Net income per diluted share, as reported$1.69 $1.59

Non-GAAP net income per diluted share$2.15 $1.92

Shares used in computing US GAAP and Non-GAAP net income per diluted share133.5136.0

(1)Income tax on non-GAAP adjustments includes excess tax benefits associated with equity-based compensation.

(2)Includes amortization expense for acquisition-related intangible assets, primarily customer relationships, customer contracts and trade names.

(3)Includes costs related to strategic transformation initiatives focused on optimizing various operations and systems.

(4)Includes costs related to workforce reductions and charges related to the reduction of our real estate lease portfolio.

Net sales on a constant currency basis

Three Months Ended March 31,

(dollars in millions)20252024Percent Change(1)

Average Daily Percentage Change(1)

Net sales, as reported$5,199.1 $4,872.7 6.7 %8.4 %

Foreign currency translation(2)

• (14.8)

Net sales, on a constant currency basis$5,199.1 $4,857.9 7.0 %8.7 %

(1)There were 63 and 64 selling days for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Average daily sales is defined as Net sales divided by the number of selling days.

(2)Represents the effect of translating the prior year results of CDW UK and CDW Canada at the average exchange rates applicable in the current year.

Free cash flow and Adjusted free cash flow

Three Months Ended March 31,

(dollars in millions)20252024

Net cash provided by operating activities$287.2 $440.0

Capital expenditures(26.9)(29.5)

Free cash flow260.3 410.5

Net change in accounts payable - inventory financing(11.5)(46.1)

Adjusted free cash flow(1)

$248.8 $364.4

(1)Defined as Net cash provided by operating activities less Capital expenditures, adjusted to include cash flows from financing activities that relate to the purchase of inventory.

Seasonality

While we have not historically experienced significant seasonality throughout the year, sales in our Public segment have historically been higher in the second and third quarter than in other quarters primarily due to the buying patterns of education and government customers.

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

Overview

We finance our operations and capital expenditures with cash from operations and borrowings under our variable rate senior unsecured revolving loan facility (the "Revolving Loan Facility"). As of March 31, 2025, we had $1.3 billion of availability for borrowings under our Revolving Loan Facility. Our liquidity and borrowing plans are established to align with our financial and strategic planning processes and ensure we have the necessary funding to meet our operating commitments, which primarily include the purchase of inventory, payroll and general expenses. We also take into consideration our overall capital allocation strategy, which includes dividend payments, assessment of debt levels, acquisitions and share repurchases. We believe we have adequate sources of liquidity and funding available for at least the next year; however, there are a number of factors that may negatively impact our available sources of funds. The amount of cash generated from operations will be dependent upon factors such as the successful execution of our business plan, general economic conditions and working capital management.

Long-Term Debt and Financing Arrangements

As of March 31, 2025, we had total unsecured indebtedness of $5.9 billion, and we were in compliance with the covenants under our credit agreements and indentures.

We may from time to time repurchase one or more series of our outstanding unsecured senior notes, depending on market conditions, contractual commitments, our capital needs and other factors. Repurchases of our senior notes may be made by open market or privately negotiated transactions and may be pursuant to Rule 10b5-1 plans or otherwise.

For additional information regarding our debt and refinancing activities, see Note 6 (Debt) to the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements.

Inventory Financing Agreements

We have entered into agreements with certain financial intermediaries to facilitate the purchase of inventory from various suppliers under certain terms and conditions to enhance working capital. These amounts are classified separately as Accounts payable-inventory financing on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. We do not incur any interest expense or other incremental expenses associated with these agreements as balances are paid when they are due. For additional information, see Note 5 (Inventory Financing Agreements) to the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements.

Share Repurchase Program

During the three months ended March 31, 2025, we repurchased 1.1 million shares of our common stock for $200 million under the previously announced share repurchase program. For additional information on our share repurchase program, see "Part II, Item 2, Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds."

Dividends

A summary of 2025 dividend activity for our common stock is as follows:

Dividend AmountDeclaration DateRecord DatePayment Date

$0.625February 4, 2025February 25, 2025March 11, 2025

On May 7, 2025, we announced that our Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend on our common stock of $0.625 per share. The dividend will be paid on June 10, 2025 to all stockholders of record as of the close of business on May 26, 2025.

The payment of any future dividends will be at the discretion of our Board of Directors and will depend upon our results of operations, financial condition, business prospects, capital requirements, contractual restrictions (including in current or future agreements governing our indebtedness), restrictions imposed by applicable law, tax considerations and other factors that our Board of Directors deems relevant.

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Cash Flows

Cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities are as follows:

Three Months Ended March 31,

(dollars in millions)20252024

Net cash provided by operating activities$287.2 $440.0

Investing Activities:

Capital expenditures(26.9)(29.5)

Acquisitions of businesses, net of cash acquired(5.0)(0.2)

Net cash used in investing activities(31.9)(29.7)

Financing Activities:

Net change in accounts payable - inventory financing(11.5)(46.1)

Other cash flows used in financing activities(282.6)(146.5)

Net cash used in financing activities(294.1)(192.6)

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents6.7 (2.6)

Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents$(32.1)$215.1

Operating Activities

Cash flows from operating activities are as follows:

Three Months Ended March 31,

(dollars in millions)20252024Change

Net income$224.9 $216.1 $8.8

Adjustments for the impact of non-cash items(1)

87.9 82.4 5.5

Net income adjusted for the impact of non-cash items312.8 298.5 14.3

Changes in assets and liabilities:

Accounts receivable(184.5)253.5 (438.0)

Merchandise inventory(112.1)(3.7)(108.4)

Accounts payable-trade231.5 (138.9)370.4

Other39.5 30.6 8.9

Net cash provided by operating activities$287.2 $440.0 $(152.8)

(1)Includes items such as depreciation and amortization, deferred income taxes, provision for credit losses and equity-based compensation expense.

Net cash provided by operating activities decreased $153 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to March 31, 2024. This decrease is primarily attributable to Accounts receivable and Merchandise inventory, partially offset by Accounts payable-trade. The decrease from Accounts Receivable was primarily due to higher sales activity in the first quarter of 2025 and timing of collections, including multi-year transactions. The decrease from Merchandise inventory is primarily due to customer-driven stocking positions as a result of higher demand. The increase from Accounts payable-trade is primarily due to higher sales activity in the first quarter of 2025 and timing of payments, including multi-year transactions.

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In order to manage our working capital and operating cash needs, we monitor our cash conversion cycle, defined as days of sales outstanding in accounts receivable plus days of supply in inventory minus days of purchases outstanding in accounts payable, based on a rolling three-month average. Components of our cash conversion cycle are as follows:

March 31,

(in days)20252024

Days of sales outstanding (DSO)(1)

86 75

Days of supply in inventory (DIO)(2)

13 14

Days of purchases outstanding (DPO)(3)

(84)(73)

Cash conversion cycle15 16

(1)Represents the rolling three-month average of the balance of the current portion of Accounts receivable, net at the end of the period, divided by average daily Net sales for the same three-month period. Also incorporates components of other miscellaneous receivables.

(2)Represents the rolling three-month average of the balance of Merchandise inventory at the end of the period divided by average daily Cost of sales for the same three-month period.

(3)Represents the rolling three-month average of the combined balance of Accounts payable-trade, excluding cash overdrafts, and Accounts payable-inventory financing at the end of the period divided by average daily Cost of sales for the same three-month period.

The cash conversion cycle decreased to 15 days at March 31, 2025, compared to 16 days at March 31, 2024. The overall decrease was driven by DIO due to inventory levels relative to sales activity in the respective periods. Both DSO and DPO increased due to multi-year transactions and the timing of collections and payments, respectively. If customers continue to shift their software purchases to multi-year arrangements, unbilled receivables are expected to increase, resulting in a higher DSO. This increase is expected to be offset by a corresponding increase in accounts payable and DPO as the timing of payments due to vendors is aligned with the collections due from customers. Additionally, netted down revenue results in an increase to both DSO and DPO as the corresponding receivables and payables reflect the gross amounts due from customers and due to vendors while the corresponding sales and cost of sales are reflected on a net basis within Net sales.

Investing Activities

Net cash used in investing activities remained relatively consistent at an increase of $2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to March 31, 2024.

Financing Activities

Net cash used in financing activities increased $102 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to March 31, 2024. This increase was primarily driven by higher share repurchases in 2025 compared to 2024.

Issuers and Guarantors of Debt Securities

Each series of our outstanding unsecured senior notes (the "Notes") are issued by CDW LLC and CDW Finance Corporation (the "Issuers") and are guaranteed by Parent and certain of CDW LLC's direct and indirect, 100% owned, domestic subsidiaries (the "Guarantor Subsidiaries" and, together with Parent, the "Guarantors"). All guarantees by Parent and the Guarantor Subsidiaries are joint and several, and full and unconditional; provided that guarantees by the Guarantor Subsidiaries are subject to certain customary release provisions contained in the indentures governing the Notes.

The Notes and the related guarantees are the Issuers' and the Guarantors' senior unsecured obligations and are:

•structurally subordinated to all existing and future indebtedness and other liabilities of our non-guarantor subsidiaries; and

•rank equal in right of payment with all of the Issuers' and the Guarantors' existing and future unsecured senior debt.

The following tables set forth Balance Sheet information as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, and Statement of Operations information for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and for the year ended December 31, 2024. The financial information includes the accounts of the Issuers and the accounts of the Guarantors (the "Obligor Group"). The financial information of the Obligor Group is presented on a combined basis and the intercompany balances and transactions between the Obligor Group have been eliminated.

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Balance Sheet Information

(dollars in millions)March 31, 2025December 31, 2024

Current assets$6,529.1 $6,395.9

Goodwill4,202.9 4,158.3

Other assets2,565.9 2,502.1

Total Non-current assets6,768.8 6,660.4

Current liabilities5,169.3 4,990.6

Long-term debt5,622.2 5,606.8

Other liabilities1,217.8 1,166.1

Total Long-term liabilities$6,840.0 $6,772.9

Statement of Operations Information

(dollars in millions)Three Months Ended March 31, 2025Year Ended December 31, 2024

Net sales$4,519.3 $18,494.0

Gross profit997.7 4,116.9

Operating income332.5 1,560.5

Net income205.2 1,014.1

Commitments and Contingencies

The information set forth in Note 10 (Commitments and Contingencies) to the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements is incorporated herein by reference.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our critical accounting policies have not changed from those reported in "Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

The information set forth in Note 2 (Recent Accounting Pronouncements) to the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements is incorporated herein by reference.

Forward-Looking Statements

This report contains "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the federal securities laws. All statements other than statements of historical fact are forward-looking statements. These statements relate to analyses and other information, which are based on forecasts of future results or events and estimates of amounts not yet determinable. These statements also relate to our future prospects, growth, developments and business strategies. We claim the protection of The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 for all forward-looking statements in this report.

These forward-looking statements are identified by the use of terms and phrases such as "anticipate," "assume," "believe," "estimate," "expect," "goal," "intend," "plan," "potential," "predict," "project," "target" and similar terms and phrases or future or conditional verbs such as "could," "may," "should," "will," and "would." However, these words are not the exclusive means of identifying such statements. Although we believe that our plans, intentions and other expectations reflected in or suggested by such forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot assure you that we will achieve those plans, intentions or expectations. All forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results or events to differ materially from those that we expected.

Important factors that could cause actual results or events to differ materially from our expectations, or cautionary statements, are disclosed under the section entitled "Trends and Key Factors Affecting our Financial Performance" above, the section entitled "Risk Factors" included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 and from time to

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time in our subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and our other US Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") filings and public communications. These factors include, among others, inflationary pressures; level of interest rates; CDW's relationships with vendor partners, wholesale distributors and terms of their agreements; continued innovations in technology by CDW's vendor partners; the use or capabilities of artificial intelligence; substantial competition that could reduce CDW's market share; the continuing development, maintenance and operation of CDW's information technology systems; potential breaches of data security and failure to protect our information technology systems from cybersecurity threats; potential failures to provide high-quality services to CDW's customers; potential losses of any key personnel, significant increases in labor costs or ineffective workforce management; potential service failures or disruptions related to outsourcing arrangements with certain of CDW's business processes; potential adverse occurrences at one of CDW's primary facilities or third-party data centers, including as a result of climate change; increases in the cost of commercial delivery services or disruptions of those services; CDW's exposure to accounts receivable and inventory risks; future acquisitions or alliances; fluctuations in CDW's operating results; fluctuations in foreign currency; global and regional economic and political conditions, including the impact of pandemics and armed conflicts; decreases, delays or changes in spending on technology products and services, including impacts of adverse changes in government spending and funding policies and federal procurement policies; potential interruptions of the flow of products from suppliers including uncertainty over global trade policies and the financial impact of related tariffs; potential failures to comply with Public segment contracts or applicable laws and regulations; current and future legal proceedings, investigations and audits, including intellectual property infringement claims; changes in laws, including regulations or interpretations thereof, and including evolving laws and regulations and regulatory overhaul during any changes in federal administration, or the potential failure to meet stakeholder expectations on environmental sustainability and corporate responsibility matters; CDW's level of indebtedness; restrictions imposed by agreements relating to CDW's indebtedness on its operations and liquidity; failure to maintain the ratings assigned to CDW's debt securities by rating agencies; changes in, or the discontinuation of, CDW's share repurchase program or dividend payments; and other risk factors or uncertainties identified from time to time in CDW's filings with the SEC. All written and oral forward-looking statements attributable to us, or persons acting on our behalf, are expressly qualified in their entirety by those cautionary statements as well as other cautionary statements that are made from time to time in our other SEC filings and public communications. You should evaluate all forward-looking statements made in this report in the context of these risks and uncertainties.

We caution you that the important factors referenced above may not reflect all of the factors that could cause actual results or events to differ from our expectations. In addition, we cannot assure you that we will realize the results or developments we expect or anticipate or, even if substantially realized, that they will result in the consequences or affect us or our operations in the way we expect. The forward-looking statements included in this report are made only as of the date hereof or, with respect to any documents incorporated by reference, available at the time such document was prepared or filed with the SEC. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as otherwise required by law.